abstract_ar: فيلوسامية أو يهودفيل (بالعبرية: פילושמיות) هو الإهتمام، واحترام، وتقدير للشعب اليهودي، وأهميته التاريخية، والآثار الإيجابية لليهودية في العالم، لا سيما من جانب غير اليهود. الظاهرة موجودة بشكل واضح بين أتباع التيارات المسيحية الصهيونية. وتعبّر الفيلوسامية داخل المجتمع اليهودي عن أهمية الثقافة اليهودية وومجتمعتها وتطورها ولغاتها والتاريخ اليهودي. في دول مثل كوريا الجنوبية والصين بشكل عام، تعتبر الصورة النمطية عن اليهود النمطية إيجابية وتتمثل في الذكاء، والدهاء في الأعمال والإلتزام في القيم العائلية والمسؤولية.

abstract_it: Il filosemitismo è un atteggiamento culturale caratterizzato da interesse e rispetto per la cultura e il popolo ebraico, per il loro significato storico e per l'impatto, da essi giudicato positivo, che il Giudaismo ha avuto sul mondo occidentale con il quale è venuto a contatto attraverso la diaspora. Il termine si riferisce generalmente a un atteggiamento che coinvolge i gentili; il suo uso all'interno della comunità ebraica, intende invece generalmente sottolineare l'importanza e l'amore per tutto ciò che la cultura ebraica è e rappresenta .

abstract_es: El filosemitismo (del prefijo griego φίλος (philos, «amor») y de semita (relativo a los «hijos de Sem», esto es, a los judíos)) es un fenómeno cultural caracterizado por el interés y respeto hacia la cultura y el pueblo judío, por su significado histórico, el impacto que el judaísmo ha tenido sobre el mundo occidental a través del cristianismo y durante la diáspora, su estatus de pueblo elegido por Dios que aparece en la Biblia o las cualidades atribuidas colectivamente a los judíos.

abstract_pl: Filosemityzm (gr. philos = „przyjaciel”, „miłujący”; semicki – dotyczący Semitów, w tym przypadku: Żydów) – postawa polegająca na pozytywnym stosunku do Żydów, umiłowanie Żydów.

label_en: Philo-Semitism

abstract_fr: Le philosémitisme est en principe une attitude favorable envers les Juifs, en raison de leur religion, de qualités attribuées collectivement aux Juifs, et de leur statut de peuple élu de Dieu, selon les différentes religions issues de la Bible. Toutefois, ce terme et son acception comportent différentes ambiguïtés.

label_ru: Филосемитизм

comment_en: Philo-Semitism (also spelled philosemitism) or Judeophilia is an interest in, respect for, and an appreciation of the Jewish people, their historical significance, and the positive impacts of Judaism on the world, particularly on the part of a gentile. Within the Jewish community philo-Semitism includes the significance of Jewish culture and the love of everything Jewish.

label_fr: Philosémitisme

comment_de: Philosemitismus (von griech. philos – „Freund“ – und Semitismus) ist seit etwa 1880 ein Sammelbegriff für eine den Juden, dem Judentum oder seinen Kulturleistungen gegenüber wohlgesonnene Haltung, deren konkrete Inhalte und Motivationen vielfältig sind. Ursprünglich wurde es als abwertendes Schlagwort vor allem von Antisemiten verwendet.

label_pl: Filosemityzm

comment_ru: Филосемитизм или юдофилия является проявлением интереса, уважения к еврейскому народу, его историческому значению и оценка положительного влияния иудаизма в истории мира (как правило) со стороны неевреев. Считается антонимом антисемитизма.

label_ar: فيلوسامية

label_nl: Filosemitisme

label_it: Filosemitismo

label_es: Filosemitismo

abstract_nl: Filosemitisme is sympathie voor het Joodse volk of het joodse geloof, het tegenovergestelde van antisemitisme. Vooral in protestants-christelijke kringen, waar men de oorsprong van het eigen geloof zoekt in het Oude Testament, is men vaak uitgesproken filosemitisch. Dit kan samenvallen met een pro-Israël houding of ondersteuning van het zionisme, doch dit is niet noodzakelijk. Een hedendaagse en Nederlandse exponent van uitgesproken filosemitisme is de stichting Christenen voor Israël. Van Joodse zijde staat men (soms) argwanend tegenover filosemitische uitingen, onder meer omdat men wel bang is dat er verkapte bekeringsmotieven achter kunnen schuilen.

label_de: Philosemitismus


name_en: Paul Reitsma

givenName_en: Paul

label_en: Paul Reitsma

abstract_en: Paul Reitsma (born January 22, 1948) is a former member of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, Canada, for the electoral district of Parksville-Qualicum. He was born in 1948 in the Netherlands. Reitsma served as the mayor of Port Alberni and Parksville, prior to his move to provincial politics. Reitsma was elected in the 1996 BC provincial election for the BC Liberals, defeating New Democratic Party of British Columbia incumbent Leonard Krog. In early 1998, Reitsma was accused of writing letters to newspapers under assumed names, praising himself and attacking his political opponents. A Parksville newspaper had asked a former Royal Canadian Mounted Police handwriting expert to compare a sample of Reitsma's handwriting to that of letters to the editor submitted by a \"Warren Betanko\", and then ran a story entitled \"MLA Reitsma is a liar and we can prove it\". Reitsma was ejected from the BC Liberal caucus although he chose to remain as a member of the BC Legislative Assembly. However, he resigned his legislative seat on June 23, 1998 when it appeared that a recall petition led by proponent Mark Allan Robinson had enough signatures from the electorate to force a by-election that almost certainly would have resulted in his recall.

surname_en: Reitsma

gender_en: male

description_en: Canadian politician


label_en: Ambassadors of Austria-Hungary to France


abstract_it: In meccanica quantistica, il teorema di Ehrenfest per un'osservabile è un importante asserto che stabilisce un legame tra la meccanica classica e quantistica, affermando che le leggi del moto per i valori medi degli operatori sono le stesse leggi del moto classiche.Il teorema si deve al fisico e matematico austriaco Paul Ehrenfest.

abstract_es: El teorema de Ehrenfest es un teorema empleado en mecánica cuántica que relaciona la derivada temporal del valor esperado de un operador con el valor esperado del conmutador de tal operador con el hamiltoniano. El teorema fue enunciado en 1927 por el físico austriaco Paul Ehrenfest (1880–1933).

abstract_pl: Twierdzenie Ehrenfesta – podaje w jaki sposób zmieniają się w czasie wartości oczekiwane operatora położenia i pędu cząstki w mechanice kwantowej. Okazuje się, że zmiany te zachodzą w sposób analogiczny do mechaniki klasycznej. Twierdzenie to zostało sformułowane i udowodnione przez Paula Ehrenfesta.

label_zh: 埃倫費斯特定理

label_en: Ehrenfest theorem

abstract_fr: Le théorème d'Ehrenfest, du nom du physicien Paul Ehrenfest, relie la dérivée temporelle de la valeur moyenne d'un opérateur quantique au commutateur de cet opérateur avec le hamiltonien du système. Ce théorème concerne notamment tous les systèmes vérifiant le principe de correspondance.

label_ru: Теорема Эренфеста

comment_ja: エーレンフェストの定理（エーレンフェストのていり、英: Ehrenfest's theorem）は、量子力学における重要な定理のひとつで、大まかにいえば『シュレーディンガー方程式の期待値を取ることで古典力学における運動方程式（に大変よく似たもの）が得られる』ことを主張している。この定理はオランダの物理学者ポール・エーレンフェストにより提唱され、量子力学と古典力学の対応を論じるときによく用いられる。

label_fr: Théorème d'Ehrenfest

comment_de: Das Ehrenfest-Theorem, benannt nach dem österreichischen Physiker Paul Ehrenfest, stellt innerhalb der Physik einen Zusammenhang zwischen der klassischen Mechanik und der Quantenmechanik her. Es besagt, dass unter bestimmten Bedingungen die klassischen Bewegungsgleichungen für die Mittelwerte der Quantenmechanik gelten; die klassische Mechanik also in gewissem Maße in der Quantenmechanik enthalten ist (Korrespondenzprinzip). wie folgt in Zusammenhang steht: Dabei stellt einen quantenmechanischen Operator und dessen Erwartungswert dar.

comment_zh: 在量子力學裏，埃倫費斯特定理（Ehrenfest theorem）表明，量子算符的期望值對於時間的導數，跟這量子算符與哈密頓算符的對易算符，兩者之間的關係，以方程式表達為 ； 其中， 是某個量子算符， 是它的期望值， 是哈密頓算符， 是時間， 是約化普朗克常數。 埃倫費斯特定理是因物理學家保羅·埃倫費斯特命名。在量子力學的海森堡繪景裏，埃倫費斯特定理非常顯而易見；取海森堡方程式的期望值，就可以得到埃倫費斯特定理。埃倫費斯特定理與哈密頓力學的劉維定理密切相關；劉維定理使用的泊松括號，對應於埃倫費斯特定理的對易算符。實際上，從根據經驗法則，將對易算符換為泊松括號乘以 ，再取 趨向於 0 的極限，含有對易算符的量子定理就可以改變為含有泊松括號的經典定理。

abstract_de: Das Ehrenfest-Theorem, benannt nach dem österreichischen Physiker Paul Ehrenfest, stellt innerhalb der Physik einen Zusammenhang zwischen der klassischen Mechanik und der Quantenmechanik her. Es besagt, dass unter bestimmten Bedingungen die klassischen Bewegungsgleichungen für die Mittelwerte der Quantenmechanik gelten; die klassische Mechanik also in gewissem Maße in der Quantenmechanik enthalten ist (Korrespondenzprinzip). Mathematisch drückt sich das in seiner allgemeinsten Form so aus, dass die vollständige Zeitableitung des Erwartungswertes eines quantenmechanischen Operators mit dem Kommutator dieses Operators und des Hamiltonoperators wie folgt in Zusammenhang steht: Dabei stellt einen quantenmechanischen Operator und dessen Erwartungswert dar.

label_pl: Twierdzenie Ehrenfesta

abstract_en: The Ehrenfest theorem, named after Paul Ehrenfest, an Austrian theoretical physicist at Leiden University, relates the time derivative of the expectation values of the position and momentum operators x and p to the expectation value of the forceF = −dV/dx on a massive particle moving in a scalar potential, Loosely speaking, one can thus say that \"quantum mechanical expectation values obey Newton’s classical equations of motion\". (This loose statement needs some caveats, see.) The Ehrenfest theorem is a special case of a more general relation between the expectation of any quantum mechanical operator and the expectation of the commutator of that operator with the Hamiltonian of the system where A is some quantum mechanical operator and ⟨A⟩ is its expectation value. This more general theorem was not actually derived by Ehrenfest (it is due to Werner Heisenberg). It is most apparent in the Heisenberg picture of quantum mechanics, where it is just the expectation value of the Heisenberg equation of motion. It provides mathematical support to the correspondence principle. The reason is that Ehrenfest's theorem is closely related to Liouville's theorem of Hamiltonian mechanics, which involves the Poisson bracket instead of a commutator. Dirac's rule of thumb suggests that statements in quantum mechanics which contain a commutator correspond to statements in classical mechanics where the commutator is supplanted by a Poisson bracket multiplied by iħ. This makes the operator expectation values obey corresponding classical equations of motion, provided the Hamiltonian is at most quadratic in the coordinates and momenta. Otherwise, the evolution equations still may hold approximately, provided fluctuations are small.

comment_ru: Теоре́ма Эренфе́ста (Уравнения Эренфеста) — утверждение о виде уравнений квантовой механики для средних значений наблюдаемых величин гамильтоновых систем. Эти уравнения впервые получены П. Эренфестом в 1927 году. Формулировка теоремы: Уравнение Эренфеста для среднего значения квантовой наблюдаемой гамильтоновой системы имеет вид где — квантовая наблюдаемая, — оператор Гамильтона системы, угловыми скобками обозначено взятие среднего значения. Это уравнение может быть выведено из уравнения Гейзенберга. В частном случае, средние значения координаты и импульса частицы описываются уравнениями где

label_pt: Teorema de Ehrenfest

abstract_ru: Теоре́ма Эренфе́ста (Уравнения Эренфеста) — утверждение о виде уравнений квантовой механики для средних значений наблюдаемых величин гамильтоновых систем. Эти уравнения впервые получены П. Эренфестом в 1927 году. Формулировка теоремы: В квантовой механике средние значения координат и импульсов частицы, а также силы, действующей на неё, связаны между собой уравнениями, аналогичными соответствующим уравнениям классической механики, то есть при движении частицы средние значения этих величин в квантовой механике изменяются так, как изменяются значения этих величин в классической механике (полная аналогия только при соблюдении ряда условий, подробнее ). Уравнение Эренфеста для среднего значения квантовой наблюдаемой гамильтоновой системы имеет вид где — квантовая наблюдаемая, — оператор Гамильтона системы, угловыми скобками обозначено взятие среднего значения. Это уравнение может быть выведено из уравнения Гейзенберга. В частном случае, средние значения координаты и импульса частицы описываются уравнениями где — масса частицы, — оператор потенциальной энергии частицы. Уравнения Эренфеста для средних координат и импульсов являются квантовыми аналогами системы канонических уравнений Гамильтона и задают квантовое обобщение второго закона Ньютона.

label_it: Teorema di Ehrenfest

abstract_pt: O teorema de Ehrenfest, nomeado a partir de Paul Ehrenfest, físico e matemático austríaco, relaciona a derivada do tempo do valor esperado para um operador na mecânica quântica para o comutador deste operador com o hamiltoniano do sistema. Isto é: onde A é algum operador da mecânica quântica e é seu valor esperado. O Teorema de Ehrenfest é obviamente a Representação de Heisenberg da mecânica quântica, onde isto é apenas o valor esperado do momento da Equação de Heisenberg. O teorema também é altamente relacionado com o Teorema de Liouville da mecânica hamiltoniana, que envolve os Parênteses de Poisson ao invés do comutador.

label_es: Teorema de Ehrenfest

label_de: Ehrenfest-Theorem

label_ja: エーレンフェストの定理


name_en: Eugenio B. Bito-onon Jr.

label_en: Eugenio B. Bito-onon Jr.

abstract_en: Eugenio B. Bito-onon Jr. is a Filipino politician and member of the Liberal Party, who has been elected Kalayaan Mayor twice, serving since 2010. He was re-elected in May 2013, winning his re-election bid with 108 votes against rivals Noel Osorio (69 votes) and Rosendo Mantes (46 votes). Bit-onon failed in his re-election bid in 2016, coming in second place with 59 votes and losing to the eventual winner Choy del Mundo with 142 votes. Bito-onon is a pioneer and town planner who moved to Thitu Island in 1997 to help strengthen Filipino sovereignty claims to the South China Sea. Believing that a civilian presence helps to strengthen Filipino claims to the South China Sea. Bito-onon helped to establish the first deliberately settled civilian town in the Spratlys on Thitu Island in 2001. In June 2012, he helped establish the Pag-Asa Elementary School, the first school on Thitu Island. Referred to by Hayton as Cloma's heir, Bito-onon also oversaw the completion of a small statue of Tomas Cloma on Thitu Island. Bito-onon is a strong supporter of Filipino sovereignty and vocal critic of Chinese activities in the South China Sea. Bit-onon has also actively promoted international awareness of the Filipino view of the dispute, having hosted and acted as a guide for multiple international news organizations, including Seth Doane from CBS News, Eric Campbell from ABC News, and other reporters, including ones from the New York Times, CNN and the Asahi Shimbun, in tours of the Filipino-held islands of the South China Sea. He has had several encounters with the Chinese Coast Guard while travelling around the Filipino-occupied Spratly Islands. Bito-onon advocates greater US involvement in the South China Sea dispute. He has visited the US and held meetings with the Filipino-American community to promote awareness and elicit support for his cause. He also promotes turning the Spratly Islands into an ecotourism zone Bito-onon claims that the energy resources in the South China Sea are enough to support China's needs for the next 105 years. Thus, he believes that the Philippines should occupy the remaining unoccupied islets in the South China Sea, as the possible energy resources would also safeguard Filipino energy independence. Based primarily in Puerto Princesa, where his office resides, Bito-onon is generally only able to visit Thitu Island once a year. His wife lives and works in Puerto Princesa. Together, they have two sons


name_en: Owenbrean

label_en: Owenbrean River

comment_en: The Owenbrean River (Irish: Abhainn Bhréan or \"stinking river\"), is a small river in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland which flows down from Cuilcagh Mountain before sinking underground, eventually reaching the Marble Arch Cave system. The river meets up with two other mountain rivers within the caves, the Sruh Croppa and the Aghinrawn; these three rivers then form the River Cladagh.


name_en: Hugh Rathbone

givenName_en: Hugh

label_en: Hugh Rathbone

comment_en: Hugh Reynolds Rathbone (4 April 1862 – 19 January 1940) was a British merchant and politician, who sat as a Member of Parliament (MP) and was a member of the noted Rathbone family. He was the eldest son of Richard Reynolds Rathbone and Frances Susannah (née Roberts). He was educated at Eton College and Trinity College, Cambridge, obtaining his B.A. in 1884 and his M.A. in 1888. In October 1888 he married Emily Evelyn Rathbone (1865–1953), his cousin, the daughter of William Rathbone VI and had four children: He died on 19 January 1940.

abstract_en: Hugh Reynolds Rathbone (4 April 1862 – 19 January 1940) was a British merchant and politician, who sat as a Member of Parliament (MP) and was a member of the noted Rathbone family. He was the eldest son of Richard Reynolds Rathbone and Frances Susannah (née Roberts). He was educated at Eton College and Trinity College, Cambridge, obtaining his B.A. in 1884 and his M.A. in 1888. In October 1888 he married Emily Evelyn Rathbone (1865–1953), his cousin, the daughter of William Rathbone VI and had four children: \n*  Hannah Mary ('Nancy', later Warr 1889-1995) \n*  Richard Reynolds (1891–1962) \n*  Edward Reynolds ('Teddy' 1892-1913) \n*  Hugo Ponsonby (1895–1969) He was a grain merchant, becoming a partner of the Liverpool firm of Ross T. Smyth and Co. in 1889, until his retirement in 1924. He served as a member of the Royal Commission on Wheat Supplies during the First World War, involved in the purchase and distribrution of large supplies of grain for the use of Great Britain and the Allies. He represented the Liverpool Corn Trade Association on the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board, 1905-1933. He was closely involved with the University of Liverpool. On the founding of the University in 1903 he became its first treasurer, was President of the Council from 1918–1924, and in 1920 was elected Pro-Chancellor. He made many gifts to the University, including parts of the family Liverpool estate, Greenbank, to provide student accommodation. As an active Liberal, he elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for Liverpool Wavertree at the 1923 general election, but was heavily defeated at the 1924 election. He stood again in 1929 general election, increasing his vote but repeating the third place which he had achieved in 1924. He and his wife Emily founded the Liberal Party Garmoyle Institute in Smithdown Road, Liverpool. He died on 19 January 1940.

surname_en: Rathbone

description_en: British politician


label_en: 142nd meridian east

abstract_fr: En géographie, le 142e méridien est est le méridien joignant les points de la surface de la Terre dont la longitude est égale à 142° est.

label_ru: 142-й меридиан восточной долготы

comment_en: The 142nd meridian east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, Australasia, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole. The 142nd meridian east forms a great circle with the 38th meridian west.

comment_ja: 東経142度線（とうけい142どせん）は、本初子午線面から東へ142度の角度を成す経線である。北極点から北極海、アジア、太平洋、オーストラレーシア、インド洋、南極海、南極大陸を通過して南極点までを結ぶ。東経142度線は、西経38度線と共に大円を形成する。

label_fr: 142e méridien est

abstract_en: The 142nd meridian east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, Australasia, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole. The 142nd meridian east is the estimated location of the boundary between Spain and Portugal (as per the Treaty of Zaragoza) signed on 22 April 1529. Consequently, at Possession Island 142°24'E, just before sunset on Wednesday 22 August 1770, Captain Cook declared the coast to be British territory in the name of King George III. The Coast to the west was already Dutch territory. The 142nd meridian east forms a great circle with the 38th meridian west.

comment_ru: 142-й меридиан восточной долготы — линия долготы, отстоящая от Гринвичского меридиана на 142 градуса к востоку, проходящая от Северного полюса через Северный Ледовитый океан, Азию, Тихий океан, Австралазию, Индийский океан, Антарктический океан, Антарктиду к Южному полюсу и образующая ортодромию с 38-м меридианом западной долготы. Начиная с Северного полюса и в южном направлении к Южному полюсу 142-й меридиан восточной долготы проходит через:

label_pt: Meridiano 142 E

comment_pt: O meridiano 142 E é um meridiano que, partindo do Polo Norte, atravessa o Oceano Ártico, Ásia, Oceano Pacífico, Australásia, Oceano Índico, Oceano Antártico, Antártida e chega ao Polo Sul. Forma um círculo máximo com o Meridiano 38 W. Começando no Polo Norte, o meridiano 142º Este tem os seguintes cruzamentos sucessivos:

label_ja: 東経142度線


name_en: Mount Meridian, Virginia

label_en: Mount Meridian, Virginia

comment_en: Mount Meridian is an unincorporated community in Augusta County, Virginia, United States. Mount Meridian is located on the Middle River 1.9 miles (3.1 km) west of Grottoes. The Mt. Meridian Schoolhouse, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, is located near Mount Meridian. Politician James A. Walker was a native of the Mount Meridian area.


givenName_en: Johann

label_en: Johann Schalk

comment_en: Johann (Hans) Schalk (19 September 1903 – 9 November 1987) was a flying ace and high-ranking officer in the German Luftwaffe during World War II. He is credited with 15 aerial victories, 4 of which on the Eastern Front, claimed in 163 combat missions.

comment_ja: ヨハン・シャルク(ドイツ語: Johann Schalk、1903年9月19日 - 1987年11月9日)は、オーストリア＝ハンガリー帝国出身の軍人。最終階級は空軍大佐。オーストリア空軍及びドイツ国防軍空軍に所属していた。 第二次世界大戦では総出撃回数163回、総撃墜数15機を記録した。

allegiance: First Austrian Republic(to 1934)

label_pt: Johann Schalk

surname_en: Schalk

description_en: German flying ace

comment_pt: Johann Schalk (19 de Setembro de 1903 – 9 de Novembro de 1987) foi um piloto alemão da Luftwaffe durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial. Voou 163 missões de combate, nas quais abateu 15 aeronaves inimigas, o que fez dele um ás da aviação.

label_ja: ヨハン・シャルク


label_en: Missa l'homme arme super voces musicales


givenName_en: Peter

label_en: Peter Carleton

comment_en: Peter Carleton (September 19, 1755 – April 29, 1828) was an American politician, a farmer, and a United States Representative from New Hampshire.

comment_de: Peter Carleton (* 19. September 1755 in Haverhill, Essex County, Massachusetts; † 29. April 1828 in Landaff, New Hampshire) war ein US-amerikanischer Politiker. Zwischen 1807 und 1809 vertrat er den Bundesstaat New Hampshire im US-Repräsentantenhaus.

office: Member of theNew Hampshire House of Representatives

surname_en: Carleton

description_en: American politician

label_de: Peter Carleton


givenName_en: Alexei

label_en: Alexei Yuryevich Smirnov

label_ru: Смирнов, Алексей Юрьевич

comment_en: Alexei Yuryevich Smirnov (Russian: Алексе́й Ю́рьевич Cмирно́в; born October 16, 1951) is a neutrino physics researcher and one of the discoverers of the MSW Effect.

comment_de: Alexei Jurjewitsch Smirnow (russisch Алексей Юрьевич Смирнов, im Englischen zitiert als Alexei Smirnov, * 16. Oktober 1951) ist ein russischer theoretischer Physiker, der sich mit Neutrinophysik beschäftigt.

comment_ru: Алексей Юрьевич Смирнов (род. 16 октября 1951) — российский физик, один из открывателей эффекта Михеева — Смирнова — Вольфенштейна.

description_en: Russian physicist

label_de: Alexei Jurjewitsch Smirnow


label_en: 1974-75 in Central American football by country


label_en: List of Phil of the Future books

comment_en: The following is a list of books based on the Disney Channel Original Series, Phil of the Future.


label_en: List of tourist attractions in Kolkata

abstract_en: Kolkata, India is currently the third-most populous city in India after Delhi and Mumbai. During the British colonial era from 1700 to 1912, when Kolkata (then known as Calcutta) was the capital of British India, Kolkata witnessed a spate of frenzied construction activity of buildings largely influenced by the conscious intermingling of Neo-Gothic, Baroque, Neo-Classical, Oriental and Islamic schools of design. Unlike many north Indian cities, whose construction stresses minimalism, the layout of much of the architectural variety in Kolkata owes its origins to European styles and tastes imported by the British and, to a much lesser extent, the Portuguese and French. Today, many of these structures are in various stages of decay. Some of the major buildings of this period are well maintained and several buildings have been declared as heritage structures. Conservation efforts are patchy and are often affected by problems of litigation, tenant troubles, ownership disputes, old tenancy laws and a lack of funds.


name_en: Gilles Floro

givenName_en: Gilles

label_en: Gilles Floro

abstract_fr: Gilles Floro est un chanteur, auteur et compositeur guadeloupéen né le 18 avril 1964 à Saint-Claude (Guadeloupe) et mort le 22 juin 2001.

comment_en: Gilles Floro (born in Guadeloupe April 18, 1964 – died in Gourbeyre, Guadeloupe June 22, 1999), was a popular French Antillean zouk love singer.

label_fr: Gilles Floro

surname_en: Floro

description_en: French singer


label_en: 1922 in North Carolina

prefLabel_en: 1922 in North Carolina


name_en:
Ruslan Shukov
Ruslan Ruslanovich Shukov

givenName_en: Ruslan

label_en: Ruslan Shukov

comment_en: Ruslan Ruslanovich Shukov (Russian: Руслан Русланович Шуков; born December 24, 1990) is a Russian professional football player. He last played for FC Druzhba Maykop.

surname_en: Shukov

description_en: Russian footballer


abstract_ar: خودا غاواه (ترجمة: الله هو الشاهد) هو فيلم دراما رومانسية ملحمية هندية من إنتاج عام 1992 ومن إخراج موكول إس. اناند. الفيلم من بطولة أميتاب باتشان، سريديفي (في دورين)، داني دينزونغبا، أكينيني ناغارجونا وشيلفا شيرودكار. كان الفيلم ذو إنتاج ضخم وتم تصوير مشاهده في كل من الهند، أفغانستان، نيبال وبوتان. نال الفيلم الكثير من الإستحسان عن أداء جميع الممثلين وخصوصا الثنائي أميتاب باتشان وسريديفي اللذان ترشحا لجوائز فيلمفير عن أدائهما. فاز الفيلم بأربع جوائز فيلمفير بما في ذلك أفضل مخرج وأفضل أكشن وأصبح الفيلم الثاني الأعلى دخلا لعام 1992. دخل الفيلم كتاب ليمكا للأرقام القياسية كأول فيلم بوليوودي يستخدم فيه تقنية الصوت المحيطي. يجري التخطيط حاليا لتكملة للفيلم من قبل المنتج مانوج ديساي.

name_en:
Khuda Gawah
खुदा गवाह

label_en: Khuda Gawah

abstract_en: Khuda Gawah (translation: God is witness) is a 1992 Bollywood epic Romance drama film produced by Nazir Ahmed & Manoj Desai on Glamour Films banner, directed by Mukul S. Anand. starring Amitabh Bachchan, Sridevi, Nagarjuna, Shilpa Shirodkar, Danny Denzongpa in lead roles and music composed by Laxmikant-Pyarelal. The film recorded as Super Hit at box office. Khuda Gawah had lavish production values and was extensively shot in India, Afghanistan, Nepal and Bhutan. The film won much acclaim for all its actors and especially the lead pair Sridevi and Amitabh Bachchan. Both stars won Filmfare nominations for their work. The film won four Filmfare awards including Best Director and Best Action and went on to become the second-highest-grossing film of 1992. It entered India's Limca Book of Records as the first Bollywood film to use surround sound technique. A Sequel to the movie is being planned by producer Manoj Desai.

label_ar: الله هو الشاهد (فيلم)


abstract_pl: Swaraj Mazda – spółka typu joint venture założona przez przedsiębiorstwa Punjab Tractor Ltd., Mazda Motor Corporation i Sumitomo Corporation, zajmująca się produkcją samochodów dostawczych, ciężarowych, autobusów, ambulansów i innych pojazdów specjalistycznych. Przedsiębiorstwo powstało w 1983 roku, początkowo funkcjonując pod nazwą Swaraj Vehicles Ltd. Siedziba przedsiębiorstwa mieści się w Czandigarh w Indiach.

name_en: SML Isuzu

label_en: Swaraj Mazda

label_pl: Swaraj Mazda

abstract_en: Established in 1983, Swaraj Mazda Limited, a Chandigarh, India based automobile company, is owned by the Sumitomo Corporation of Japan and Punjab Tractors Limited of India, with a technical collaboration with Isuzu and Mazda of Japan. Sumitomo upped its stake in the company in 2009 by purchasing all of Punjab Tractors' remaining shares, raising their stake to 53.5% After some trial production in 1985, series production began in 1986. The company manufactures light commercial vehicles like trucks, buses, ambulances, police personnel carriers, water tankers and special vehicles. It exports its products to countries like Nepal, Zambia, Bangladesh, Kenya, Tanzania, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Rwanda, Seychelles, Syria, Jordan. The company's annual turnover for the year 1997 - 1998 exceeded Rs. 151 crores. It has a dealer network of about 128 dealers spread throughout India. Swaraj Engines and Punjab Scooters are its associate companies. In June 2006, Swaraj Mazda entered a new Technical agreement with Isuzu Motors, Japan. In 2009, Swaraj Mazda started to roll out Luxury buses and medium-duty trucks powered by Isuzu Engines from a new plant in Punjab. Plans are to build multi-axle trucks, tractor units and refrigerated trucks within the next three years. For an interim period, these vehicles were marketed under the Swaraj Mazda Isuzu brand. In addition, Swaraj Mazda is moving to offer the Isuzu D-Max pickup. Former associate company Punjab Tractors manufactured agricultural tractors and combine harvesters under the Swaraj brand name before selling 64.6% to Mahindra Tractors. In 2009, Mahindra and Swaraj Mazda settled a dispute over the use of the Swaraj name, allowing Swaraj Mazda to continue using the name for only two more years. Swaraj Mazda Limited has informed the Exchange that at the Board Meeting of the Company held on October 1, 2010, the Board of Directors have decided to change the name of the Company from Swaraj Mazda Limited to SML Isuzu Limited. As of 2011 they no longer use the \"Swaraj\" brand name.


givenName_en: Kevin

label_en: Kevin Koslofski

abstract_en: Kevin Craig Koslofski (born September 24, 1966 in Decatur, Illinois) is a former Major League Baseball outfielder who played for four seasons. He played for the Kansas City Royals from 1992 to 1994 and the Milwaukee Brewers in 1996. After attending Maroa-Forsyth High School in Maroa, Illinois, Koslofski was drafted and signed by the Royals in June 1984. He made his MLB debut eight years later on June 28, 1992, leading off for Kansas City and collecting three hits in a 9-2 victory over the Baltimore Orioles at Camden Yards. Koslofski ended that 1992 season with three home runs and a batting average of .248. He batted only 30 times for the Royals over the next two seasons, however. He signed with Milwaukee as a free agent and appeared in 25 games for the Brewers in his final season, 1996.

surname_en: Koslofski

description_en: American baseball player


abstract_es: Jameis Winston (Hueytown, Alabama, Estados Unidos, 6 de enero de 1994) es un jugador profesional de fútbol americano de la National Football League que juega en el equipo Tampa Bay Buccaneers, en la posición de Quarterback con el número 3.

name_en: Jameis Winston Rapist

label_en: Jameis Winston

abstract_fr: Jameis L. Winston, né le 6 janvier 1994 à Hueytown dans l'État de l'Alabama, est un joueur américain de football américain universitaire et de baseball. Depuis la saison 2015, il évolue au poste de quart-arrière dans l'équipe des Buccaneers de Tampa Bay de la NFL. Né dans l'Alabama, il y grandit mais intègre l'université d'état de Floride où il jouera pendant les saisons 2013 et 2014 dans l'équipe de football américain des Seminoles de Florida State évoluant en Division I (FBS) de la NCAA. IL joue également au poste de lanceur partant en Baseball dans l'équipe de l'université. Il réalise une excellente saison pour sa première année, les Seminoles finissant comme seule équipe invaincue (13 victoires pour 0 défaite) et se qualifiant pour la finale nationale (BCS National Championship Game) contre les Tigers d'Auburn. Il remporte en décembre 2013 le Trophée Heisman récompensant le meilleur joueur universitaire de la saison devant le précédent lauréat Johnny Manziel notamment. Il est le deuxième joueur à remporter ce trophée au cours de sa première saison mais devient le plus jeune (19 ans) à décrocher ce titre. Il se présente à la draft 2015 de la NFL où il est choisi en tout premier choix global par les Buccaneers de Tampa Bay.

label_ru: Уинстон, Джеймис

comment_fr: Jameis L. Winston, né le 6 janvier 1994 à Hueytown dans l'État de l'Alabama, est un joueur américain de football américain universitaire et de baseball. Depuis la saison 2015, il évolue au poste de quart-arrière dans l'équipe des Buccaneers de Tampa Bay de la NFL. Il remporte en décembre 2013 le Trophée Heisman récompensant le meilleur joueur universitaire de la saison devant le précédent lauréat Johnny Manziel notamment. Il est le deuxième joueur à remporter ce trophée au cours de sa première saison mais devient le plus jeune (19 ans) à décrocher ce titre.

label_fr: Jameis Winston

comment_de: Jameis L. Winston (* 6. Januar 1994 in Bessemer, Alabama) ist ein US-amerikanischer American-Football-Spieler auf der Position des Quarterbacks. Er wurde im NFL Draft 2015 als erster Spieler von den Tampa Bay Buccaneers ausgewählt. Er spielte College Football für die Seminoles der Florida State University mit denen er als Freshman die Nationale Meisterschaft gewann. Im selben Jahr gewann er als jüngster Spieler die Heisman Trophy.

abstract_en: Jameis L. Winston (/ˈdʒeɪməs/, JAY-miss, born January 6, 1994) is an American football quarterback for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League (NFL). Born and raised in Alabama, he was a highly regarded quarterback in high school, and led his team to the state championship as a junior. Winston played college football for the Florida State Seminoles and as a Redshirt freshman became the youngest player to win the Heisman Trophy and helped lead the Seminoles to a victory in the 2014 BCS National Championship Game. In his sophomore and final year, the Seminoles advanced to the Rose Bowl, part of the college football playoff. Winston also played on Florida State's baseball team. Winston was drafted as the first overall pick by the Buccaneers in the 2015 NFL Draft. During his time as a student at Florida State, Winston received attention for a number of incidents, including shoplifting soda and crab legs, and an allegation of sexual assault, for which there was no prosecution.

surname_en: Winston

abstract_ru: Джеймис Уинстон (англ. Jameis Winston, род. 6 января 1994 года) — американский профессиональный игроков американский футбол, выступающий на позиции квотербека в клубе Национальной футбольной лиги «Тампа Бэй Баккэнирс». Уинстон родился и вырос в Алабаме. В американский футбол начал играть ещё в школе, в составе которой стал чемпионом штата. По окончанию обучения в школе поступил в университет штата Флорида, где продолжил заниматься спортом. Уже в своём дебютном сезоне он завоевал Хайсман Трофи, став самым молодым его обладателем в истории, и помог своей команде «Флорида Стэйт Семинолс» выиграть национальный чемпионат. В следующем и последнем для него сезоне на университетском уровне он вывел «Семинолс» в Роуз Боул, где его команда проиграла «Орегон Дакс». Кроме занятий американским футболом, Джеймис также выступал за университетскую бейсбольную команду. На драфте НФЛ 2015 года был выбран под общим первым номером клубом «Тампа Бэй Баккэнирс». Несмотря на успех на поле, Уинстон был объектом нескольких скандалов, включая обвинение в изнасиловании в 2012 году, воровстве в магазине и неподобающем поведении, из-за чего он получил дисквалификацию на одну игру.

description_en: American football and baseball player

status: Active

label_it: Jameis Winston

label_es: Jameis Winston

label_de: Jameis Winston


label_en: Suffolk County Sheriff's Office (New York)


name_en: The Walt Disney Company CIS, LLC

label_en: The Walt Disney Company CIS

abstract_fr: Walt Disney Company CIS (ou Walt Disney Company Russie) est une filiale créée en 2006 de The Walt Disney Company.

label_fr: The Walt Disney Company Russia

abstract_en: The Walt Disney Company CIS, LLC is one of The Walt Disney Company's international divisions. The Walt Disney Company CIS was founded in April 2006. It is headquartered in Moscow, the capital of Russia. In 2007, Walt Disney Company CIS and Sony Pictures Russia created the joint venture of Walt Disney Studios Sony Pictures Releasing CIS. The company owns and operates Russian versions of Disney Channel and Playhouse Disney. Disney Channel was originally planned to launch in 2009, but a Disney Americas deal with Media-One Holdings was denied by Russian authorities. The Walt Disney Company CIS produced the film The Book of Masters. Marina Zhigalova-Ozkan is head of The Walt Disney Company CIS. The Walt Disney Company CIS planned to make two new films in the summer of 2011.


label_en: Mrs. Mary Wollstonecraft (Godwin) Shelley


label_en: The Origin (novel)

label_ru: Происхождение (книга)

comment_en: The Origin is a biographical novel of the life of Charles Darwin written by Irving Stone. Darwin was a geologist and biologist, and could be considered the father of evolutionary theory. The novel begins with Darwin at the age of 22 and follows him through the Voyage of the Beagle until his death in 1882. Stone took five years to research and write the novel and consulted numerous Darwin scholars and even Darwin's descendants in order to write his version of Darwin's life.

comment_ru: Происхождение (англ. The Origin), это биографический роман Ирвинга Стоуна о жизни Чарльза Дарвина, английского геолога, биолога, натуралиста, известного как основоположник эволюционного учения. В начале романа Дарвину 22 года, повествование следует за ним в кругосветное путешествие на корабле «Бигль» и заканчивается его смертью в 1882 году. Стоун создавал роман пять лет, исследуя тему и консультируясь со множеством последователей Дарвина, и даже с его потомками, чтобы изложить и их взгляд на жизнь Дарвина.


name_en: Ibn 'Abd as-Salam

label_en: Ibn 'Abd as-Salam

comment_en: Izz ad-Din Ibn Abdul Salam was a Damascene scholar of Islamic jurisprudence and theology active in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. He moved to Egypt later in his life, after being imprisoned for a while.


name_en:
Hòa Bình
Xã Hòa Bình

label_en: Hòa Bình, Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu

comment_en: Hòa Bình () is a commune (xã) and village in Xuyên Mộc District, Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu Province, in Vietnam.


label_en: The Platinum Collection (En Vogue album)


abstract_it: Era figlio di Ranuccio I Farnese, duca di Parma e Piacenza, e di Margherita Aldobrandini, nipote di papa Clemente VIII. Nella sua famiglia erano diversi i Farnese divenuti cardinale, tra cui Alessandro divenuto poi papa Paolo III. Figlio cadetto, venne avviato alla vita ecclesiastica ottenendo il titolo cardinalizio il 14 novembre 1644 da papa Innocenzo X. Non venne però mai a Roma per ricevere il cappello e il diaconato. Suo fratello maggiore Odoardo I Farnese invece ereditò il titolo di duca alla morte del padre nel 1622 e sposò a Roma nel 1600 Margherita de' Medici. Le sue sorelle Vittoria e Maria divennero duchesse di Modena e Reggio attraverso il matrimonio con Francesco I d'Este. Alla morte di suo fratello Odoardo nel 1646, Francesco fu nominato reggente, insieme alla cognata Maria, del nipote Ranuccio II Farnese, nuovo duca di Modena e Reggio. La reggenza durò due anni fino al compimento dei diciott'anni di Ranuccio. Francesco Maria morì dopo sei mesi di malattia a Parma nel 1647.

abstract_pl: Francesco Maria Farnese (ur. 15 sierpnia 1619, zm. 12 lipca 1647) – włoski kardynał z rodu Farnese.

name_en: Francesco Maria Farnese

givenName_en: Francesco

label_en: Francesco Maria Farnese

abstract_fr: Francesco Maria Farnese (né le 8 août 1619 à Parme et mort le 12 juillet 1647 à Parme) est un cardinal italien du XVIIe siècle. Il est un petit-neveu des cardinaux Alessandro Farnese, iuniore (1534) et Ranuccio Farnese (1545), le neveu du cardinal Odoardo Farnese (1591) et l'arrière-arrière-petit-fils du pape Paul III.

comment_en: Francesco Maria Farnese (15 August 1619 – 12 July 1647) was an Italian Roman Catholic cardinal. He was born in Parma, the son Ranuccio I Farnese, duke of Parma, and Margherita Aldobrandini, niece of Pope Clement VIII. He was appointed as cardinal by Pope Innocent X in 1644, but he never came to Rome to receive the cardinal hat. After the death of his brother Odoardo I Farnese in 1646, Francesco Maria acted for two years as regent of the Duchy of Parma of Piacenza for his nephew Ranuccio II. He died at Parma in 1647.

label_fr: Francesco Maria Farnese

comment_de: Francesco Maria Farnese (* 8. August 1619 in Parma; † 12. Juli 1647 ebenda) war ein Kardinal aus der Adelsfamilie Farnese.

label_pl: Francesco Maria Farnese

description_en: Italian cardinal

label_it: Francesco Maria Farnese

label_de: Francesco Maria Farnese

comment_it: Era figlio di Ranuccio I Farnese, duca di Parma e Piacenza, e di Margherita Aldobrandini, nipote di papa Clemente VIII. Nella sua famiglia erano diversi i Farnese divenuti cardinale, tra cui Alessandro divenuto poi papa Paolo III. Figlio cadetto, venne avviato alla vita ecclesiastica ottenendo il titolo cardinalizio il 14 novembre 1644 da papa Innocenzo X. Non venne però mai a Roma per ricevere il cappello e il diaconato. Alla morte di suo fratello Odoardo nel 1646, Francesco fu nominato reggente, insieme alla cognata Maria, del nipote Ranuccio II Farnese, nuovo duca di Modena e Reggio.


label_en: Ecological Democratic Party politicians

prefLabel_en: Ecological Democratic Party politicians


label_zh: 桑吉加

name_en: Sang Jijia

label_en: Sang Jijia

comment_en: (This is a Chinese name; the family name is Sang.) Sang Jijia (Chinese: 桑吉加) is an ethnic Tibetan Chinese choreographer. He was a dancer with Guangdong Modern Dance Company and City Contemporary Dance Company in the 1990s. Sang then studied with William Forsythe and worked with The Forsythe Company as choreographer and dancer until 2006. Sang is now Resident Artist of BeijingDance / LDTX and Guangdong Modern Dance Company.

comment_zh: 桑吉加，藏族人，中國新一代編舞家。毕业于北京中央民族大学舞蹈系。曾為广东实验现代舞团、北京現代舞團及城市當代舞蹈團成員，隨曹誠淵發展中國現代舞。 1996年參加第七届法国巴黎国际现代舞大赛獲男子独舞金奖；2002年獲劳力士艺术名家启蒙计划贊助赴法兰克福芭蕾舞团跟随艺术总监威廉·科西學習。

description_en: ethnic Tibetan Chinese choreographer


name_en: Exit Glacier

label_en: Exit Glacier

abstract_fr: Pour les articles homonymes, voir Exit. Le glacier Exit, en anglais Exit Glacier, est un glacier d'Alaska aux États-Unis situé dans les montagnes Kenai. Son nom lui a été donné à la suite d'une traversée organisée des champs de glace Harding, en 1968 dont il était la dernière étape. En effet, au printemps 1968, un groupe d'alpinistes traversèrent les champs de glace Harding, depuis le glacier Chernof à l'est jusqu'au glacier Ressurection (l'actuel glacier Exit). Cette expédition est partie d'Homer le 17 avril et arriva à Seward après avoir descendu le glacier Exit. Durant le périple, ils gravirent le pic Truuli, à 2 000 mètres d'altitude.

comment_en: Exit Glacier is a glacier derived from the Harding Icefield in the Kenai Mountains of Alaska and one of Kenai Fjords National Park's major attractions. It is one of the most accessible valley glaciers in Alaska and is a visible indicator of glacial recession due to anthropogenic climate change. Exit Glacier retreated approximately 187 feet from 2013 to 2014 and park scientists continue to monitor and record the glacier's accelerating recession. It received its name because it served as the exit for the first recorded crossing of the Harding Icefield in 1968.

label_fr: Glacier Exit

comment_de: Der Exit-Gletscher ist ein 6,4 km langer, vom Harding Icefield genährter Gletscher in den Kenai Mountains im US-Bundesstaat Alaska. Der Gletscher liegt im Kenai-Fjords-Nationalpark, knappe 15 km nordwestlich von Seward. Sein Abfluss ist unbenannt und mündet in den Resurrection River, der zur Resurrection Bay am Golf von Alaska fließt. Der Name hat seinen Ursprung im „Ausgang“ (engl.: exit) der ersten aufgezeichneten Überquerung des Harding Icefields im Jahr 1968.

label_de: Exit-Gletscher


givenName_en: Tomoaki

label_en: Tomoaki Komorida

abstract_fr: Tomoaki Komorida (小森田 友明, Komorida Tomoaki) est un footballeur japonais né le 10 juillet 1981. Il évolue au poste de milieu de terrain.

comment_en: Tomoaki Komorida (小森田 友明 Komorida Tomoaki, born July 10, 1981 in Kumamoto) is a Japanese football player.

comment_ja: 小森田 友明（こもりだ ともあき、1981年7月10日 - ）は、熊本県出身のサッカー選手。ポジションはミッドフィールダー（MF）。

label_fr: Tomoaki Komorida

surname_en: Komorida

description_en: Japanese footballer

label_ja: 小森田友明


label_en: Madeeh

comment_en: Madeeh, not to be confused with zikr (although there are distinct similarities) is praise of Allah and Muhammad.


name_en: Magozd

comment_nl: Magozd is een plaats in Slovenië en maakt deel uit van de Sloveense gemeente Kobarid in de NUTS-3-regio Goriška. De plaats telt 62 inwoners (2002).

label_en: Magozd

comment_en: Magozd (pronounced [ˈmaːɡɔst]; Italian: Magosti) is a settlement in the Municipality of Kobarid in the Littoral region of Slovenia.

label_nl: Magozd


abstract_es: Majuli o Majoli (en asamés: মাজুলী ) es una isla fluvial de la India localizada en el río Brahmaputra, en el estado de Assam. Majuli es una de las islas fluviales más largas en el mundo y la isla más grande de agua dulce en el sur de Asia. Majoli es también la morada de la cultura asamesa llamada Vaisnavite. Majuli tenía una superficie total de 1250 km², pero ha perdido tamaño de manera significativa debido la erosión, por lo que se estima posee ahora una superficie de entre 577-650 km². Según los informes, en 1853, la superficie total de Majuli era de 1150 km², pero alrededor del 33% de esta masa de tierra se ha erosionado en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Desde 1991, más de 35 aldeas han sido arrasadas. La isla limita, en el sur, con el propio río Brahmaputra, y, en el norte, con el Xuti Kherkutia —una sección del Brahmaputra— y el río Subansiri. La isla está a unos 200 kilómetros al este de la ciudad más grande del estado, Guwahati, y es accesible por ferry desde la ciudad de Jorhat. La isla se formó debido a los cambios de rumbo en el río Brahmaputra y sus afluentes, principalmente al Lohit. El 2 de marzo de 2004 la «Isla fluvial de Majuli en el curso medio del río Brahmaputra en Assam» fue inscrita en la Lista Indicativa de la India —paso previo a ser declarado Patrimonio de la Humanidad—, en la categoría de bien cultural (nº. ref 1870).

label_zh: 馬久利島

name_en: Mājuli মাজুলী

label_en: Majuli

abstract_fr: Majuli ou Majoli (মাজুলি en assamais) est une île fluviale située sur le Brahmapoutre dans l’état indien de l’Assam. Elle se trouve aux confins de plusieurs cours d’eau, au sud coule le Brahmapoutre tandis qu’au nord se joignent une anabranche du Brahmapoutre appelée Kherkutia Xuti et le fleuve Subansiri. L’île couvrait 1 250 km2 au début du XXe siècle mais elle souffre d’une érosion importante. Elle a été une des plus grandes îles fluviale au monde, et sans aucun doute la plus grande du sud-est asiatique. Méconnu des touristes, l'île est tenue pour un lieu saint par les hindouistes. Les hindouistes d’une tradition Vishnouiste particulière se rendent en pèlerinage sur l’île dans des monastères appelés Sattras. Ces monastères dont les moines honorent le dieu Vishnou et sa principale incarnation, Krishna, par le chant, la danse et le théâtre. L'Assam comptent plus de six cents de ces monastères, mais c'est sur Majuli que leurs traditions sont conservées le plus fidèlement, comme dans celui d'Uttar Kamalabari. Deux cents vivent sur l'île, confiés au seuil de l'enfance par des parents trop pauvres pour les éduquer ou souhaitant s'attirer les faveurs du dieu. Il faut une quinzaine d'années aux novices pour maîtriser les arts du sattra. De la musique avant toute chose : chaque tâche est enveloppée d'airs fredonnés, chaque geste empreint d'une grâce devenue une seconde nature chez ces corps façonnés par la danse depuis le plus jeune âge. L'allure des moines renforce la délicatesse des attitudes : vêtus de linge blanc, symbole de pureté, torse et visage imberbes, cheveux longs, tous cultivent la même apparence androgyne, à l'image de Krishna, que la mythologie représente souvent paré de traits féminins. Cette apparence tient aussi à la nature de leur foi : les moines se considèrent comme les épouses de Krishna, et lui vouent un amour dévotionnel, la bhakti. La portée de l'enseignement des Sattras dépasse le simple dogme religieux. Dans l'Inde du XVe siècle, le fondateur de l'ordre, Sankardeva, professait la suppression du système des castes, l'égalité entre hommes et femmes, la tolérance religieuse et la non-violence. Poète et musicien, il avait compris le pouvoir de l'image et mit le théâtre et la danse au service de l'éveil spirituel d'une population qui, majoritairement analphabète, n'avaient pas accès aux grands textes religieux hindous. À sa mort, le mouvement connut un schisme. Une partie des Sattras resta fidèle à son idéologie ; l'autre réintégra le giron de l'orthodoxie brahmanique, fondée sur le système des castes. Aujourd'hui encore, ces deux courants coexistent à Majuli. Dans le Sattra d'Uttar Kamalabari, fidèle au principes humanistes de Sankardeva, le namghar - le temple où les moines prient et jouent leurs spectacles - est ouvert à tous : hindous, musulmans, chrétiens, animistes et jusqu'au dernier des parias de la société indienne, les intouchables.

label_fr: Majuli

comment_de: Majuli (assamesisch: মাজুলী Mājulī) ist eine Flussinsel im Bundesstaat Assam im Nordosten Indiens. Auf der im Brahmaputra gelegenen Insel leben etwa 140.000 Einwohner. Die 421,65 km² große Insel erhebt sich bis zu einer Höhe von 84,5 m; es gibt dort hinduistische Klöster.

comment_zh: 馬久利島是印度的河島，位於該國東北部布拉馬普特拉河，由阿薩姆邦負責管轄，面積1,250平方公里，最高點海拔高度84.5米，主要經濟活動是農業，2001年人口153,362。

abstract_en: Mājuli or Majoli (pron: ˈmʌʤʊlɪ) (Assamese: মাজুলী, Assamese pronunciation: [mazuli]) is the biggest river island in the world in the Brahmaputra River, Assam, India and also 1st island district of the country. The island had a total area of 1,250 square kilometres (483 sq mi) at the beginning of the 20th century, but having lost significantly to erosion it had an area of only 352 square kilometres (136 sq mi) in 2014. Majuli has shrunk as the river surrounding it has grown. However it is recognised by Guinness Book of World Records as World's Largest River Island. The island is formed by the Brahmaputra river in the south and the Kherkutia Xuti, an anabranch of the Brahmaputra, joined by the Subansiri River in the north. Mājuli island is accessible by ferries from the city of Jorhat. The island is about 300-400 kim east from the state's largest city —Guwahati. It was formed due to course changes by the river Brahmaputra and its tributaries, mainly the Lohit. Mājuli is the abode of the Assamese neo-Vaisnavite culture.

comment_es: Majuli o Majoli (en asamés: মাজুলী ) es una isla fluvial de la India localizada en el río Brahmaputra, en el estado de Assam. Majuli es una de las islas fluviales más largas en el mundo y la isla más grande de agua dulce en el sur de Asia. Majoli es también la morada de la cultura asamesa llamada Vaisnavite. El 2 de marzo de 2004 la «Isla fluvial de Majuli en el curso medio del río Brahmaputra en Assam» fue inscrita en la Lista Indicativa de la India —paso previo a ser declarado Patrimonio de la Humanidad—, en la categoría de bien cultural (nº. ref 1870).

label_es: Majuli

label_de: Majuli


label_en: Roussel (automobile)

comment_en: The Roussel was a French automobile manufactured from 1908 to 1914. The company produced light cars, voiturettes, and cabs at a factory in Charleville-Mézières; it offered four-cylinder 10 and 12 hp engines.

comment_de: Établissements Roussel war ein französischer Hersteller von Automobilen.

label_de: Établissements Roussel


abstract_es: Mappia es un género de plantas perteneciente a la familia Icacinaceae. Es originario de Centroamérica. El género fue descrito por Jacq. y publicado en Plantarum Rariorum Horti Caesarei Schoenbrunnensis 1: 22 en el año 1797. Su especie tipo es Mappia racemosa Jacq.. Es un género con 5 especies distribuidas en México, Centroamérica y en las Antillas Mayores. Las especies asiáticas que anteriormente se incluían en este género, en la actualidad son consideradas del género Nothapodytes.

label_en: Mappia

comment_en: Mappia is a genus in the flowering plant  family Icacinaceae. There are four species, all from  tropical America.  The type species for the genus is Mappia racemosa, Jacquin. Leretia cordata has been included in Mappia by some authors. The name \"Mappia\" has been used for Cunila and for Doliocarpus guianensis (synonym: Soramia guianensis). Both of these uses of the name \"Mappia\" are nomina rejecta.

label_pt: Mappia

comment_pt: Mappia é um género de plantas pertencente à família Icacinaceae. É originário da América Central. O género foi descrito por Jacq. e publicado em Plantarum Rariorum Horti Caesarei Schoenbrunnensis 1: 22 em 1797. Sua espécie tipo é Mappia racemosa Jacq.. É um género com 5 espécies distribuídas pelo México, América Central e Grandes Antilhas. As espécies asiáticas que anteriormente se incluíam neste género, atualmente são consideradas do género Nothapodytes.

label_es: Mappia


label_en: Markab

label_fr: Markab

label_de: Markab (Begriffsklärung)

label_ja: マルカブ


label_en: List of awards and honors bestowed upon Imelda Marcos


label_en: Marxan

abstract_en: MARXAN is software designed to aid systematic reserve design on conservation planning. With the use of stochastic optimisation routines (Simulated Annealing) it generates spatial reserve systems that achieve particular biodiversity representation goals with reasonable optimality. Computationally, MARXAN provides solutions to a conservation version of the 0-1 knapsack problem, where the objects of interest are potential reserve sites with given biological attributes. The simulated annealing algorithm attempts to minimise the total cost of the reserve system, while achieving a set of conservation goals (typically that a certain percentage of each geographical/biological feature is represented by the reserve system).


label_en: Masson

label_ru: Массон

label_fr: Masson

label_pt: Masson

label_nl: Masson

label_es: Masson

label_de: Masson

label_ja: マッソン


label_en: List-Class game theory articles

prefLabel_en: List-Class game theory articles


name_en:
Gordon Sohn Rentschler
Gordon S. Rentschler

givenName_en: Gordon

label_en: Gordon S. Rentschler

comment_en: Gordon Sohn Rentschler (November 25, 1885 – March 4, 1948) was a chairman of First National City Bank, a predecessor of Citigroup.

description_en: American businessman


label_en: Pârsem Kût

comment_en: Parsem Kut is a festival of Khelma (Sakachep) community dedicated to youth. It is celebrated annually on 11 April. Each year during this day village elders bless the youth wishing them a healthy and prosperous year. On this special blessing day, the male youth offer flowers to the girls, expressing their respect and care towards them, making it a way to strengthen the bond among the youth.


abstract_es: Se detallan los resultados de las competiciones deportivas para la especialidad de Judoen los XXI Juegos Centroamericanos y del Caribe.

label_en: Judo at the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games

comment_en: The Judo competition at the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games was being held in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico. The tournament was scheduled to be held from 18–21 July at the Aguada Coliseum in Aguada.

label_es: Judo en los XXI Juegos Centroamericanos y del Caribe


name_en: Mbonge

label_en: Mbonge

abstract_fr: Mbongé est une commune du Cameroun située dans la région du Sud-Ouest et le département de la Meme.

comment_en: Mbonge is a town and commune in Cameroon.

label_fr: Mbonge


label_en: Farmer Burns (baseball)

comment_en: James Joseph \"Farmer\" Burns (June 2, 1876 – ?), was a major league baseball player who pitched for the St. Louis Cardinals in 1901. He had previously attended Washington and Jefferson College, where he was a strong starting pitcher in 1898 for their team \"The Presidents,\" though he never graduated.


label_en: 20th century in Singapore

prefLabel_en: 20th century in Singapore


abstract_es: Copadichromis ilesi es una especie de peces de la familia Cichlidae en el orden de los Perciformes.

label_zh: 艾利斯槳鰭麗魚

comment_nl: Copadichromis ilesi is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van de cichliden (Cichlidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1999 door Konings.

conservationStatus: LC

label_en: Copadichromis ilesi

abstract_fr: Copadichromis ilesiFichier:Defaut 2.svg Nom binominal Copadichromis ilesiAd Konings, 1999 Répartition géographique Fichier:Lake Malawi seen from orbit.jpg Le lac Malawi seul endroit où réside à l'état sauvage Copadichromis ilesi Copadichromis ilesi est une espèce de poisson d'eau douce de la famille des cichlidae endémique du lac Malawi en Afrique. Ce cichlidé fait partie des communément appelé « Haplo ».

comment_en: Copadichromis ilesi is a species of fish in the Cichlidae family, which is endemic to Lake Malawi.

label_fr: Copadichromis ilesi

comment_zh: 艾利斯槳鰭麗魚，為輻鰭魚綱鱸形目隆頭魚亞目慈鯛科的其中一種，分布於非洲馬拉威湖流域，棲息深度7-30公尺，體長可達11.4公分，棲息在岩石底質水域，生活習性不明。

label_pt: Copadichromis ilesi

comment_pt: Copadichromis ilesi é uma espécie de peixe da família Cichlidae. Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Malawi e Tanzânia. Os seus habitats naturais são: lagos de água doce.

label_nl: Copadichromis ilesi

label_es: Copadichromis ilesi


abstract_ar: 25بك هذه المقالة تحتاج للمزيد من الوصلات للمقالات الأخرى للمساعدة في ترابط مقالات الموسوعة. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة وصلات إلى المقالات المتعلقة بها الموجودة في النص الحالي. (أكتوبر 2016) تريفور فيليبس \"Trevor Philips\" هو واحد من الشخصيات الرئيسية في لعبة غراند ثفت أوتو V. تتميز شخصيته بالعنف و العصبية و الرغبة في الانتقام و قد قتل شخصيه جوني كليبيتز بسبب العصبيه وقد ولد تريفور في كندا من ام كنديه واب كندي و قد ولد تريفور سنه 1977. و هو واحد من الشخصيات الرئيسية الثلاثة، يوجد جنبا إلى جنب مع   فرانكلين كلينتون و مايكل دي سانتا . لعب دوره الممثل Steven Ogg. \n* 32xبوابة أعلام \n* 32xبوابة ألعاب فيديو

abstract_it: Trevor Philips (Ludendorff, 1968) è uno dei tre protagonisti del videogioco Grand Theft Auto V.

abstract_es: Trevor Philips es un personaje de la saga de videojuegos Grand Theft Auto. Hizo su primera aparición en el videojuego Grand Theft Auto V, siendo uno de los principales personajes junto a Michael De Santa y Franklin Clinton.

label_zh: 崔佛·菲利普

name_en: Trevor Philips

givenName_en: Trevor

label_en: Trevor Philips

abstract_fr: Trevor Philips est un personnage du jeu Grand Theft Auto V, figurant parmi les trois protagonistes du cinquième épisode de la série Grand Theft Auto. Le personnage est doublé par Steven Ogg.

label_ru: Тревор Филипс

label_fr: Trevor Philips

comment_zh: 崔佛·菲利普（英语：Trevor Philips）是一位虛構角色，以及Rockstar Games製作的《俠盜獵車手》系列遊戲《俠盜獵車手V》中的其中一位主角。他和麥可·迪聖塔及富蘭克林·柯林頓三位是遊戲主要人物。他是由演員史蒂芬·奧格所飾演，奧格為這個角色進行配音及動作捕捉。 Rockstar根據奧格的外貌來製作崔佛的外表，而他的性格的靈感則來自於查爾斯·布朗森。《俠盜獵車手V》的共同編劇丹·豪澤將崔佛描述為一位純粹受慾望及憤怒驅策的人物。為了讓玩家更喜歡這個角色，設計師們將這個角色注入更多情緒。儘管崔佛有著病態的行為，但他仍相當真誠地關心任何與他親近的人。 崔佛被認為是電子遊戲歷史上最具爭議的角色之一。他因為他的暴力性格與行為被許多批評家與玩家批評，但也被讚揚適合於這款遊戲的世界背景。他的設計及性格可比得上其他有影響力的電子遊戲和電影角色。許多評論家稱崔佛是一位既可愛又可信的角色，且認為他是《俠盜獵車手》系列中，少數樂意執行像是謀殺和暴力行為等受玩家喜愛的動作的主角。

abstract_en: (For the English television producer, see Trevor Phillips. For the footballer, see Trevor Phillips (footballer).) Trevor Philips is a fictional character and one of the three lead protagonists of Grand Theft Auto V, a video game in the Grand Theft Auto series made by Rockstar Games. He appears as one of the three main protagonists, alongside Michael De Santa and Franklin Clinton. He is played by actor Steven Ogg, who provided the voice and motion capture for the character. Rockstar based Trevor's appearance on Ogg's physical appearance, while his personality was inspired by Charles Bronson. Grand Theft Auto V co-writer Dan Houser described Trevor as purely driven by desire and resentment. To make players care for the character, the designers gave the character more emotions. Trevor is shown to truly care about people very close to him, despite his psychotic actions. Trevor is considered one of the most controversial characters in video game history. Although the general attention given to Trevor by critics and gamers was mostly very positive, he has been criticised by many critics and players because of his violent personality and actions, but has also been praised for fitting in the world of the game. His design and personality have drawn comparisons to other influential video game and film characters. Many reviewers have called Trevor a likeable and believable character, and felt that he is one of the few protagonists in the Grand Theft Auto series that would willingly execute popular player actions, such as murder and violence.

comment_ru: Тревор Филипс — (англ. Trevor Philips, 29 июля 1968—2013) один из протагонистов Grand Theft Auto V. После побега из Северного Янктона владелец компании «ТФ Индастриз», занимающейся продажей наркотиков и контрабандой оружия. Тревор Филипс — 45-летний наркоман, имеющий проблемы с психикой.

label_pt: Trevor Philips

surname_en: Philips

description_en: character in the Grand Theft Auto video game series

label_ar: تريفور فيليبس (جي تي أي)

label_it: Trevor Philips

abstract_pt: Trevor Philips (24 de Novembro de 1970) é um personagem ficcional e um dos protagonistas de Grand Theft Auto V, um jogo eletrônico parte da série Grand Theft Auto produzida pela Rockstar Games. Ele é um dos três protagonistas do jogo junto com Michael De Santa e Franklin Clinton. Ele é interpretado pelo ator Steven Ogg, que realizou captura de movimento e dublagem para o personagem. A Rockstar baseou a aparência de Trevor em Ogg, enquanto que sua personalidade foi inspirada em Charles Bronson. O corroteirista de Grand Theft Auto V Dan Houser descreveu o personagem como movido puramente pelo desejo e rancor. Os projetistas deram a Trevor mais emoções para fazer com que os jogadores se importassem com ele. O personagem é mostrado como se importando genuinamente com aquelas pessoas próximas, apesar de suas ações psicopatas. Trevor é considerado um dos personagens mais controversos da história dos jogos eletrônicos. Ele foi criticado por muitos críticos e jogadores por suas ações e personalidade violentas, porém também elogiado por se encaixar no mundo do jogo. Seu desenho e personalidade levaram a comparações com outros personagens de jogos e filmes, como o Coringa do filme The Dark Knight. Muitos críticos acharam que Trevor era um personagem crível e simpático, também acreditando que era um dos poucos protagonistas da série que realizaria por vontade própria ações populares dos jogadores, como mortes e violência.

label_es: Trevor Philips


abstract_it: La battaglia di Dilman fu uno scontro che ebbe luogo il 15 aprile 1915, durante la prima guerra mondiale in Dilman. La battaglia vide contrapposte le forze dell'Impero russo, guidate dal generale Tovmas Nazarbekian, a quelle dell'Impero ottomano. Oltre agli ufficiali armeni che servivano nell'Armata del Caucaso e che quindi erano sotto il controllo di Nazarbekian, gli Armeni inviarono un battaglione di volontari, guidati dal generale Andranik Toros Ozanian. Lo scontro vide uscire i Russi vincitori.

name_en: Battle of Dilman

causalties: Unknown

label_en: Battle of Dilman

label_ru: Дилиманское сражение

comment_en: The Battle of Dilman (April 15, 1915) was a battle fought at Dilman between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire. More than half of the Ottoman troops were Kurdish, almost all of whom deserted. The result was a Russian-Armenian victory under Tovmas Nazarbekian and Andranik Ozanian. Apart from the Armenian officers who served under Tovmas Nazarbekian's Russian Caucasus Army, the Armenians also deployed a volunteer battalion under the leadership of their commander Andranik and with the participation of Smbat Baroyan.

result: Decisive Russian victory

comment_ru: Дилиманское сражение — сражение между Российской и Османской империями, которое произошло 15 апреля 1915. Сражение закончилось разгромом турок и их вытеснением с территории Ирана.

strength:
10 battalions ofRussian Caucasus Army
1 battalion of Armenian volunteers
248 Officers
10,920 troops
12,000 irregular Kurdish cavalry

label_it: Battaglia di Dilman

combatant: *Armenian volunteer units


name_en: Achyuta Pisharati

label_en: Achyuta Pisharati

label_ru: Пишарати, Ачьюта

comment_en: Achyutha Pisharodi (c. 1550 at Trikkandiyur, Tirur, Kerala, India – 7 July 1621 in Kerala) was a Sanskrit grammarian, astrologer, astronomer and mathematician who studied under Jyeṣṭhadeva and was a member of Madhava of Sangamagrama's Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. He is remembered mainly for his part in the composition of his student Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri's devotional poem, Narayaneeyam.

abstract_de: Achyuta Pisharati (* um 1550 in Vaishali, Tirala, Kerala; † 7. Juli 1621) war ein indischer Sanskrit-Gelehrter, Astronom, Astrologe und Mathematiker der von Madhava begründeten Kerala-Schule. Er gehörte zu den Pisharati (Pisarati), die sich traditionell um Tempelangelegenheiten kümmerten, und war ein Schüler von Jyesthadeva. Von ihm sind eine Sanskrit-Grammatik (Pravesaka) und mehrere astronomische Texte bekannt, unter anderem über Finsternisse. Er schrieb einen Kommentar in Malayalam zu einem Werk (Venvaroha) von Madhava. Der König von Prakasa, Ravivarman (1595–1607), war sein Patron. Bekannt ist er vor allem durch die Rolle, die er in dem Sanskrit-Gedicht Naryayaniyam (oder Narayaneeyam, um 1586 vollendet) von Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri (1559–1645) spielt (seinem Schüler), einer Kurzform der Bhagavatapurana. Der dort dargestellten Legende nach war Narayana ein Schüler von Pisharati, der dessen Lähmung aus Verehrung für seinen Meister durch Gebete auf sich nahm. Um sich selbst davon zu befreien riet ihm der Dichter Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan selbst ein Gedicht zu schreiben.

abstract_ru: Ачью́та Пишара́ти (1550—1621) — индийский санскритовед, астроном, астролог и математик. Был учеником Джьештадевы и принадлежал к Керальской школе астрономии и математики Мадхавы из Сангамаграмы. Получил наибольшую известность как гуру южноиндийского поэта Нараяны Бхаттатири и за свою роль в написании санскритской поэмы «Нараяниям». Ачьюта Пишарати является автором таких трудов по астрономии, как «Спхута-нирная», «Рашигола-спхутанити», «Караноттама» (1593) и трактата о лунных и солнечных затмениях «Упарагакриякрама». Ачьюта Пишарати вошёл в историю как гуру легендарного поэта Нараяны Бхаттатири, которого он вдохновил на духовную практику и обучал санскриту и другим наукам. Когда Пишарати заболел ревматизмом (согласно другой версии — был парализован), Нараяна Бхаттатири, будучи не в состоянии смотреть на страдания своего учителя, стал молиться, желая принять его болезнь на себя. В результате Пишарати излечился и недуг перешёл на его ученика. После этого тяжело больной Бхаттатири отправился в Гуруваюр, где встретил знаменитого учёного брахмана Тунджатту Эжуттаччана, который был известен своей преданностью божеству Кришны в Гуруваюре — Гуруваюраппану. Тунджатту Эжуттаччан посоветовал ему написать для Гуруваюраппана поэму об аватарах Вишну, начиная с Матсьи. В надежде излечится от своего недуга, в течение 100 дней Нараяна Бхаттатири ежедневно сочинял 10 шлок и декламировал их перед мурти Кришны в храме. Каждое десятистишье завершалось молитвой, в которой Нараяна Бхаттатири просил Кришну о своём исцелении. Последнее десятистишье было написано 27 ноября 1586 года, после чего Кришна лично предстал перед ним. В последних шлоках своей поэмы, которая стала известна как «Нараяниям», Нараяна Бхаттатири подробно и живо описывает увиденную им форму Кришны. В этот же день он полностью исцелился от своего недуга. С тех пор этот день ежегодно празднуется в Гуруваюре как «Нараяниям-динам».

description_en: Indian academic

label_de: Achyuta Pisharati


label_en: Lender's Bagels

comment_en: Lender's Bagels is a brand of bagels that pioneered the pre-packaged bagel industry in the United States. Established in 1927 in New Haven, Connecticut by the Lender family, it became a North American leader in the marketing, distribution and sales of bagels. Lender's introduced frozen bagels and sold the first packaged bagels in supermarkets, eventually becoming the world's biggest bagel producer. The company was sold to Kraft Foods in 1984 and has been part of Pinnacle Foods since 2003. Non-frozen room temperature fresh bagels began production in 1994. In 2012, Lender's revenue was about 70 million dollars.


label_en: Works by Horatio Alger Jr.

prefLabel_en: Works by Horatio Alger Jr.


name_en:
Cecil Bell Jr.
Cecil Bell Jr

givenName_en: Cecil

label_en: Cecil Bell Jr.

abstract_en: Cecil Bell, Jr.  (born May 17, 1962), is a Republican member of the Texas House of Representatives from District 3. He represents Waller County and part of Montgomery County in Southeast Texas. On May 29, 2012, Bell defeated Bob Bagley and Troy Bonin in the Republican primary election with 7,249 votes (57 percent) to Bagley's 3,359 (26 percent) and Bonin's 2,133 (17 percent). There was no Democratic candidate in the general election. Representative Bell serves on the Appropriations and Land & Resource Management Committees and the Subcommittee on Articles VI, VII & VIII. In January 2015, Bell introduced legislation, HB 623, that prevents salary, pension, and other benefits from being paid to any Texas state employee who issues a same-sex marriage license. The bill included a provision to forestall legal action challenging the proposed law by mandating that state courts dismiss any such challenges and award court costs and attorney's fees to the state. Rep. Bell is a strong advocate for traditional values, an advocate for state and citizen sovereignty and for a limited federal government. Bell also supports expanding career and technology training at public high schools so that interested, motivated students can enter the job market with a career certification, without following the college or university route.


label_en: Membrane bound polyribosome

comment_en: In cell biology, membrane bound polyribosomes are attached to a cell's endoplasmic reticulum. When certain proteins are synthesized by a ribosome they can become \"membrane-bound\". The newly produced polypeptide chains are inserted directly into the endoplasmic reticulum by the ribosome and are then transported to their destinations. Bound ribosomes usually produce proteins that are used within the cell membrane or are expelled from the cell via exocytosis.


abstract_ar: 25بك المحتوى هنا ينقصه الاستشهاد بمصادر. يرجى إيراد مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (مارس 2016) المخيلة هي القدرة الفطرية في العقل البشري لخلق أفكار أو صور او احدات عن عوالم من أشخاص غير واقعية كليا أو جزئيا، وذلك بدء من عناصر يستمدها العقل من إدراكاته الحسية واحلامه المكبوتة للعالم الخارجي لا مشترك بين الناس.

abstract_it: Per immaginazione s'intende la capacità di rappresentarsi cose non presenti in atto alla sensazione.

abstract_es: La imaginación (del latín imaginatĭo,-ōnis) es un proceso psicológico superior que permite al individuo manipular información generada intrínsecamente con el fin de crear una representación percibida por los sentidos de la mente. Esta representación (intrínsecamente generada) significa que la información se ha formado dentro del organismo en ausencia de estímulos del ambiente. En lo que respecta a sentidos de la mente, son los mecanismos que permiten ver un objeto que se había visualizado previamente pero que ya no se encuentra presente en el ambiente. Cabe aclarar que cuando se imagina no se reduce solo al sentido de la visión, sino también a otras áreas sensoriales. En el sentido anterior la imaginación tiene semejanza con el proceso de percibir. No obstante, la primera no se limita a la segunda. La imaginación es un proceso más abstracto, esto es, que no necesita de un objeto presente en la realidad (en ese instante), ella se sirve de la memoria para manipular la información y relacionarla de formas que no dependen del estado actual del organismo. Es decir, la imaginación toma elementos antes percibidos y experimentados, y los transforma en nuevos estímulos y realidades. Los orígenes del estudio de la imaginación datan desde las reflexiones filosóficas. No obstante, su posicionamiento como materia de estudio científico, alejado de especulaciones metafísicas, se da con el nacimiento de la psicología experimental, pese a esto, se conserva como un componente psíquico lejos de ser descifrado. Es solo hasta finales del siglo XX y principios del presente siglo que la imaginación se toma como desafío para la investigación psicológica y neurocientífica, y los métodos conjuntos de neuroimagen y conductuales permiten vislumbrar hipótesis de cómo el cerebro imagina. Los psicólogos han estudiado la imaginación, no sólo en su forma de creatividad y expresión artística, sino también en su forma mundana de la imaginación de todos los días y han propuesto que está basada en los mismos procesos cognitivos que el pensamiento racional. Existe la imaginación reproductiva y la imaginación creativa. La reproductiva es cuando recreamos imágenes de hechos pasados y que están en nuestra memoria. Y la imaginación creativa es cuando de motu propio creamos imágenes por nosotros mismos. Esta imaginación puede ser positiva o negativa. Es positiva cuando imaginamos la solución algún problema y entramos en un estado emocional positivo. La negativa es cuando nos representamos cosas en nuestra mente de problemas sin solución entrando en estado de impotencia.A este tipo de imaginación creativa también se le suele denominar visualización creativa.

abstract_pl: Wyobraźnia – zdolność do przywoływania i tworzenia w myślach wyobrażeń. Źródłem przechowywanych w pamięci wyobrażeń są zmysły. Część odpowiadająca za wyobraźnię jest umiejscowiona w prawej półkuli mózgu. Często odróżnienie tych wrażeń od wyobrażeń jest trudne, gdyż w ciągłym strumieniu świadomości, z jakim mamy do czynienia w praktyce, występują one jednocześnie obok siebie. Dobrym dowodem na to jest sen i marzenia senne, podczas których powstają wyobrażenia odizolowane od wrażeń zmysłowych. Działaniu wyobraźni, w porównaniu do efektów pracy zmysłów, przypisuje się większą aktywność i mniejszą złożoność oraz intensywność (np. E. Husserl). Problematyką wyobraźni i wyobrażeń zajmował się w ramach teorii poznania Arystoteles, podając zasady, którymi wyobraźnia kieruje się łącząc ze sobą wyobrażenia: podobieństwo, kontrast, styczność. Korzystając z tych zasad, wykorzystuje się wyobrażenia w zaawansowanych mnemotechnikach, przy czym zwiększeniu ich trwałości sprzyjają przeżycia emocjonalne, doświadczane w trakcie ich tworzenia, organizowanie wyobrażeń w kompleksy, tworzenie układów powiązanych jakąś zasadą (asocjacje) oraz przywoływanie ich z dużą częstotliwością. Wyobraźnia twórcza lub wyobraźnia artystyczna jest specjalnym rodzajem wyobraźni - w oparciu o wrażenia wyobrażeń pozwala ona tworzyć inne wyobrażenie, które nie mają odpowiedników w żadnym z wrażeń. Dzięki temu ten rodzaj wyobraźni stanowi podstawę twórczości i wszelkiej innej aktywności kulturalnej. Wyobraźnię przypisuje się także niektórym gatunkom zwierząt.

label_zh: 想象

comment_nl: De menselijke verbeeldingskracht of fantasie is het vermogen om zich in situaties in te leven of gebeurtenissen of entiteiten te bedenken die niet bestaan, die onmogelijk kunnen bestaan of waarvan het bestaan onbewezen is. Dat wat wordt voortgebracht door de verbeeldingskracht wordt eveneens 'een fantasie' genoemd. Fantasie wordt wel verward met het hebben van een waanidee, wat meer een onderdeel is van een ziektebeeld.

label_en: Imagination

abstract_fr: 45xCe modèle est-il pertinent ? Cliquez pour en voir d'autres.Des informations de cet article ou section devraient être mieux reliées aux sources mentionnées dans la bibliographie, sources ou liens externes (juillet 2015). Améliorez sa vérifiabilité en les associant par des références à l'aide d'appels de notes. L'imagination (du latin imaginatio, « image, vision ») est la faculté de se représenter ou de former des images à travers l'esprit à partir d'éléments dérivés de perceptions sensorielles ou bien de façon abstraite. Dans les beaux-arts, la littérature et les sciences, l'imagination permet de créer de nouvelles formes, de nouveaux styles, et d'inventer de nouveaux concepts, de nouvelles théories. Ce terme est techniquement utilisé en psychologie dans le processus « réanimatif » de la perception de l'esprit, tirée de l'expérience de la perception sensorielle[pas clair].

label_ru: Воображение

comment_ja: 想像力（そうぞうりょく、英語: Imagination、フランス語: imagination）は、「想像する能力」とも呼ばれ、心的な像、感覚や概念を、それらが視力、聴力または他の感覚を通して認められないときに、作り出す能力である。想像力は、経験に意味を、知識に理解を提供する助けとなり、人々が世界を理解する基本的な能力である。そして、学習過程で鍵となる役割も演じる。想像力のための基本的なトレーニングはストーリーの語り（物語）を聞くことで、選ばれた語の正確さが「世界の喚起」に基本的な要因である。 想像力は、我々がすべてに出会うための能力である。我々がさわり、見、聞くもの全ては、我々の想像力を通して「像」に結合する。想像力は、共有世界の感覚認識に由来する諸要素から、心の内で部分的または全体的な個人の領域を生み出す、生来の能力・プロセスと認められる。この語は心理学では、感覚認識で以前与えられた物の知覚表象が心の中で蘇るプロセスとして使われる。語のこの用法が普通の言語のそれと衝突するので、一部の心理学者はこのプロセスを \"imaging\" または\"imagery\"と言うか、「生産的」または「構築的」な想像力と対照して、「再生産的」(reproductive)とよぼうとする。想像されたイメージは、「心の眼」で見られる。

label_fr: Imagination

comment_zh: 想象，又作想像，亦称想象力，是形成意象、知觉和概念的能力，其實意象、知觉和概念不是通过视觉、听觉或者其他感官而被感知。想象是心灵的工作，有助于创造出幻想。想象有助于为经验提供意义，为知识提供理解；想象是人们为世界創造出意义的一种基本能力；想象在学习过程中也发挥关键作用。培养想象力的一种基本训练方式，是听故事；在听故事中，措辞的准确是“产生出世界”的基本因素。 想象是我们面临任何事情的力量。我们接触、看到和听到的东西，通过我们的想象，而合并为“一幅画面”。 人们一般承认：作为内在的能力，作为从感官对公共世界的感知而来的因素，在心灵里发明部分的或完整的个人领域的这么一种过程，这个术语在心理学的专业用法，意思是在心灵里恢复过程，恢复以前被呈给感知的感觉对象。因为这个术语的这种用法与其日常语言的用法矛盾，有些心理学家更喜欢把这个过程说成“造像过程”或者“意象”，或者称其为“再生”想象过程，以与“产生性的”或“建造性的”想象过程。被想象的意象是用“心灵之眼”看到的。 想象也可以通过童话故事或者想象之境来表达。最著名的发明或者娱乐产品是从一个人的想象性灵感创造出来的。 关于人类想象力的进化过程的一个假说是：想象力允许有意识的物种可以通过利用心智模拟来解决问题。 艺术家们也通常需要丰富的想象力，因为从事的是创造性的工作，想象力能够帮助他们打破既有的规则，将审美带入新格局。

abstract_de: Eine Vorstellung ist ein Bewusstseinsinhalt, der in verschiedenen Zusammenhängen vorkommen kann: 1.  \n*  vergangenheitsbezogen als „innerliche“ Imitation ehemals realer Wahrnehmungen, also als (deswegen so genannte) Erinnerungen. Diese sind meist visueller oder bildhafter Art und können dabei auch zeitlich strukturiert sein, wenn man sie etwa dem tatsächlichen Erleben analog wie vor einem „inneren Auge“ ablaufen lässt (Kino im Kopf); in verschiedenem Ausmaß können sie aber auch andere sinnliche Qualitäten aufweisen, während abstrakte Gedanken oder Ideen (siehe 3.) demgegenüber sprachlich oder als geometrische Figuren u. Ä. vorgestellt werden. 2.  \n*  zukunftsbezogen als Erwartung oder Befürchtung. Beispielsweise kann man gedanklich Situationen, die einem wichtig sind oder die sich kritisch bis bedrohlich entwickeln könnten, simulieren oder durchspielen („sich ausmalen“). Insbesondere sind Planspiele derartige Simulationen ebenso wie einfache „Gedankenspiele“. In konkreter Anwendung als Mentales Training werden auf diese Weise im Sport komplexe Bewegungsabläufe antizipiert. 3.  \n*  ohne zeitlichen oder anderen Bezug zur Realität als abstrakte Idee, ein Begriff, der abgeleitet vom griechischen Ursprungswort eidos für Bild eine bildhafte Vorstellung meint. 4.  \n*  Bewußtseinsinhalte können aufgrund der menschlichen Voraussetzungen versprachlicht werden. Die Quelle einer Vorstellung ist immer eine vorgängig sinnliche Erfahrung, die denkend bzw. „im Denken“, „in der Vorstellung“, „geistig“ oder – wie die umgangssprachlichen Ausdrücke für das Gemeinte sonst noch lauten – als Erinnerung wiederholt oder in irgendeiner Hinsicht verändert wird. Vorstellungen werden in traditioneller Ausdrucksweise bezeichnet als bewusstseinsinterne Gegenstände des vorstellend zu Einsichten oder zu Erkenntnis von Zusammenhängen gelangenden Denkens. Real bildet der denkende Mensch aus seinem Erinnerungs- oder auch Vorstellungsmaterial sowohl einfache als auch komplexe, sprachlich mitteilbare Gedankenformen oder eben Gedanken, über die er jemand anderen informieren kann, indem er ihm davon erzählt, so dass dieser wiederum seinerseits über das von jenem Gedachte informiert wird. (Eine Information stellt ein bestimmtes Wissen dar.)

label_pl: Wyobraźnia

abstract_en: Imagination, also called the faculty of imagining, is the creative ability to form images, ideas, and sensations in the mind without direct input from the senses, such as seeing or hearing. Imagination helps make knowledge applicable in solving problems and is fundamental to integrating experience and the learning process. A basic training for imagination is listening to storytelling (narrative), in which the exactness of the chosen words is the fundamental factor to \"evoke worlds\". It is accepted as the innate ability and process of inventing partial or complete personal realms within the mind from elements derived from sense perceptions of the shared world. The term is technically used in psychology for the process of reviving in the mind, percepts of objects formerly given in sense perception. Since this use of the term conflicts with that of ordinary language, some psychologists have preferred to describe this process as \"imaging\" or \"imagery\" or to speak of it as \"reproductive\" as opposed to \"productive\" or \"constructive\" imagination. Imagined images are seen with the \"mind's eye\". Imagination can also be expressed through stories such as fairy tales or fantasies. Children often use such narratives and pretend play in order to exercise their imaginations. When children develop fantasy they play at two levels: first, they use role playing to act out what they have developed with their imagination, and at the second level they play again with their make-believe situation by acting as if what they have developed is an actual reality.

label_pt: Imaginação

abstract_ru: Воображе́ние — способность человека к спонтанному возникновению или преднамеренному построению в сознании образов, представлений, идей объектов, которые в опыте в целостном виде не воспринимались или не могут восприниматься посредством органов чувств (как, например, события истории, предполагаемого будущего, явления невоспринимаемого или мира, не существующего вообще - сверхъестественные персонажи сказок, мифов и пр.); способность сознания создавать образы, представления, идеи и манипулировать ими; играет ключевую роль в следующих психических процессах: моделирование, планирование, творчество, игра, память. В широком смысле, всякий процесс, протекающий «в образах» является воображением. Воображение является основой наглядно-образного мышления, позволяющего человеку ориентироваться в ситуации и решать задачи без непосредственного вмешательства практических действий. Оно во многом помогает ему в тех случаях жизни, когда практические действия или невозможны, или затруднены, или просто нецелесообразны. Например, при моделировании абстрактных процессов и объектов. Разновидность творческого воображения — фантазия. Воображение — одна из форм психического отражения мира. Наиболее традиционной точкой зрения является определение воображения как процесса (А. В. Петровский и М. Г. Ярошевский, В. Г Казаков и Л. Л. Кондратьева и др). Согласно М. В. Гамезо и И. А. Домашенко: «Воображение — психические процессы, заключающиеся в создании новых образов (представлений) путём переработки материала восприятий и представлений, полученных в предшествующем опыте». Отечественными авторами это явление также рассматривается как способность (В. Т. Кудрявцев, Л. С. Выготский) и как специфическая деятельность (Л. Д. Столяренко, Б. М. Теплов). Принимая во внимание сложное функциональное строение, Л. С. Выготский считал адекватным применение понятия психологической системы. По мнению Э. В. Ильенкова, традиционное понимание воображения отражает только его производную функцию. Главная — позволяет видеть то, что есть, то, что лежит перед глазами, то есть основной функцией воображения является преобразование оптического явления на поверхности сетчатки в образ внешней вещи.

comment_pt: Imaginação é uma capacidade mental que permite a representação de objetos segundo aquelas qualidades dos mesmos que são dadas à mente através dos sentidos - segundo a concepção sartriana apresentada em sua obra O imaginário: psicologia fenomenológica da imaginação. Em filosofia, tais qualidades são chamadas de qualidades secundárias quando a ereção do subconsciente pronuncia-se à da consciência.

label_ar: مخيلة

abstract_zh: 想象，又作想像，亦称想象力，是形成意象、知觉和概念的能力，其實意象、知觉和概念不是通过视觉、听觉或者其他感官而被感知。想象是心灵的工作，有助于创造出幻想。想象有助于为经验提供意义，为知识提供理解；想象是人们为世界創造出意义的一种基本能力；想象在学习过程中也发挥关键作用。培养想象力的一种基本训练方式，是听故事；在听故事中，措辞的准确是“产生出世界”的基本因素。 想象是我们面临任何事情的力量。我们接触、看到和听到的东西，通过我们的想象，而合并为“一幅画面”。 人们一般承认：作为内在的能力，作为从感官对公共世界的感知而来的因素，在心灵里发明部分的或完整的个人领域的这么一种过程，这个术语在心理学的专业用法，意思是在心灵里恢复过程，恢复以前被呈给感知的感觉对象。因为这个术语的这种用法与其日常语言的用法矛盾，有些心理学家更喜欢把这个过程说成“造像过程”或者“意象”，或者称其为“再生”想象过程，以与“产生性的”或“建造性的”想象过程。被想象的意象是用“心灵之眼”看到的。 想象也可以通过童话故事或者想象之境来表达。最著名的发明或者娱乐产品是从一个人的想象性灵感创造出来的。 关于人类想象力的进化过程的一个假说是：想象力允许有意识的物种可以通过利用心智模拟来解决问题。 孩童通常被认为是想象力丰富的群体。因为他们的思维模式尚未形成，思想中的限制与规则比成人要少。故此往往有着丰富的想象力。儿童常常使用故事或者假装的游戏来操练他们的想象力。当儿童创造幻象的时候，他们是在两个层面上游戏的：第一个层面，他们利用角色扮演来演出他们以其想象力创造出来的东西；在第二个层面上，他们又以他们假装相信的情形做游戏，在行为上，他们创造出来的东西好像是真实的现实似的，而那已经存在于故事性的神话裡。 艺术家们也通常需要丰富的想象力，因为从事的是创造性的工作，想象力能够帮助他们打破既有的规则，将审美带入新格局。

label_nl: Verbeeldingskracht

label_it: Immaginazione

label_es: Imaginación

abstract_nl: De menselijke verbeeldingskracht of fantasie is het vermogen om zich in situaties in te leven of gebeurtenissen of entiteiten te bedenken die niet bestaan, die onmogelijk kunnen bestaan of waarvan het bestaan onbewezen is. Dat wat wordt voortgebracht door de verbeeldingskracht wordt eveneens 'een fantasie' genoemd. Van fantasie weet men dat het het denken 'flexibel' maakt. Er wordt door fantasie sneller 'bepaalde verbindingen in de hersenen' (creativiteit) gemaakt. Het wordt er dan bijvoorbeeld leuker of mooier door, ondanks dat het fantasie betreft. Kinderen hebben vaak veel fantasie, wat ze op latere leeftijd weer van pas komt. Ze kunnen er echter ook 'rare of enge gedachten' door krijgen (zoals het zien/ geloven in 'spoken', of 'dat er iemand onder het bed ligt', of 'een raar monster'). Ook kan fantasie zich weerspiegelen in dromen. Het kan 'geprikkeld' worden door bijvoorbeeld 'boeken, bladen of films'. Vroeger zat de gehele familie voor de radio, wanneer er verhalen werden verteld. De verbeelding was toen sprekend. Fantasie wordt wel verward met het hebben van een waanidee, wat meer een onderdeel is van een ziektebeeld. Verbeeldingskracht geeft ons de ruimte om het leven te interpreteren en op zoek te gaan naar nieuwe vormen van kijken en denken. De verbeelding is de basis voor inspiratie en nieuwe ideeën en speelt een belangrijke rol in het leervermogen van de mens. Verbeeldingskracht kan op die manier dus worden gezien als de basis van innovatie en ontwikkeling, in tegenstelling tot bovengenoemde vergelijking met een kinderlijke fantasie over onbestaande dingen. De verbeelding kan juist ook slaan op bestaande dingen of afgeleiden daarvan, en maken het mogelijk voor een mens om verder te denken dan wat hem is geleerd of waar hij van overtuigd is. Verbeelding is ongrijpbaar en kan op verschillende manieren worden ervaren, geïnterpreteerd en gewaardeerd. Verbeeldingskracht kan een verziekende werking hebben wanneer het verwordt tot bijvoorbeeld paranoia of andere psychische klachten. Een gezonde verbeeldingskracht echter geeft aanzet tot creativiteit, initiatieven nemen, relativeringsvermogen, ontwikkeling e.a.

label_de: Vorstellung

label_ja: 想像力


label_en: 1859 establishments in Alabama

prefLabel_en: 1859 establishments in Alabama


comment_en: Neuralized-like protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NEURL2 gene.


abstract_es: Onslaught es un videojuego para WiiWare creado por Hudson Soft en el año 2009. Su precio es de 1000 puntos (10 euros) y se obtiene descargándolo en la tienda Wii.

name_en: Onslaught

label_en: Onslaught (2009 video game)

comment_en: Onslaught (known in Japan as マッドセクタ　MadSecta) is a first-person shooter for WiiWare by Hudson Soft. It was released in Europe on February 13, 2009, in North America on February 23, 2009, and in Japan on March 3, 2009.

label_pt: Onslaught (jogo eletrônico)

comment_pt: Onslaught (conhecido no Japão como マッドセクタ　MadSecta) é um jogo de tiro em primeira pessoa para o WiiWare publicado pela Hudson Soft. Foi lançado na Europa em 13 de fevereiro de 2009 e na América do Norte em 23 de fevereiro de 2009 com o custo de 1.000 Wii Points.

label_es: Onslaught (videojuego de 2009)


label_en: Fables From a Mayfly: What I Tell You Three Times Is True


label_en: Coal Act 1938

comment_en: The Coal Act 1938 (C.52) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that created the Coal Commission. Criticized for its inconsistencies, the Act was repealed, by degrees, over the next several decades.


abstract_it: I libri di Oz (Oz books) sono una serie ambientata a Nonestica, il continente di cui fa parte Oz, luogo fantastico inventato da L. Frank Baum che vi ambientò il romanzo per ragazzi Il meraviglioso mago di Oz (1900). Tale fu il successo del libro, che Baum ne trasse tredici seguiti; alla sua morte, altri autori continuarono la serie, per un totale di 26 libri \"ufficiali\" (che insieme a quelli di Baum compongono i Famosi Quaranta) e innumerevoli altre opere considerate \"apocrife \".

abstract_es: Los libros de Oz forman una colección que comienza con El Maravilloso Mago de Oz, que relata la historia de la Tierra de Oz. Oz fue creada originalmente por el autor L. Frank Baum, quien escribió 14 libros sobre este mundo. La mayoría de los libros son sobre las aventuras de Dorothy y Baum -al igual que muchos autores posteriores- se llaman a si mismos \"Historiadores Reales\" de Oz, enfatizando el hecho de que Oz es un lugar genuino. Después de la muerte de Baum, más autores escribieron otros 26 libros \"oficiales\". Muchos de ellos agregan sus propios giros en la historia de Oz, el más destacado es Gregory Maguire con su versión revisionista de Wicked. Actualmente, la compañía WadgetEye Games ha desarrollado un videojuego que reúne a varios de estos personajes en una trama de misterios, de nombre \"Emerald City Confidential\". La Magia de Oz Ruggedo, el Rey Nomo, intenta conquistar Oz nuevamente, con la ayuda de un muchacho Munchkin, Kiki Aru. Mientras tanto, es el cumpleaños de Ozma y todos los ciudadanos de Oz están buscando el más inusual regalo para la pequeña princesa. Este libro fue publicado un mes después de la muerte de Baum. Glinda de Oz||John R. Neill|||1920||Reilly & Lee Dorothy, Ozma y Glinda intentan detener una guerra en el País Gillikin. Este fue el último libro de Oz escrito por Baum y fue publicado póstumo. La mayoría de los críticos concuerdan en que es el libro de Oz más oscuro, probablemente debido a su ya debilitada salud de su autor.

label_en: List of Oz books

abstract_fr: Cet article présente la liste des romans portant sur le pays d'Oz. Le pays d'Oz est un pays fictif imaginé par l'auteur américain L. Frank Baum comme une métaphore de la vie économique américaine. Ce pays imaginaire a eu un impact tel dans la culture américaine qu'il a été choisi comme le lieu d'actions de nombreux autres romans. La plupart des auteurs situant leur roman dans le pays d'Oz se présentent comme des historiens royaux d'Oz (royal historian of Oz).

label_ru: Список книг о стране Оз

comment_en: The Oz books form a book series that begins with The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900) and relate the fictional history of the Land of Oz. Oz was created by author L. Frank Baum, who went on to write fourteen full-length Oz books. All of Baum written books are in the public domain in the United States. Even while he was alive, Baum was styled as \"the Royal Historian of Oz\" to emphasize the concept that Oz is an actual place. The illusion created was that characters such as Dorothy and Princess Ozma related their adventures in Oz to Baum themselves, by means of wireless telegraph.

comment_ja: オズ・シリーズの一覧 (List of Oz books ) は、1900年の『オズの魔法使い』から始まるシリーズ。オズの国の架空の歴史に関連している。作家ライマン・フランク・ボームにより14作品が製作された。これら全てがアメリカ合衆国でパブリックドメインとなっている。生前ボームは「オズ王室歴史研究家」を自称し、オズは実在の国というコンセプトを強調していた。ドロシーやオズマ姫などのキャラクターによるオズでの冒険に関連して不思議な世界が作り上げられる。

label_fr: Liste des romans sur le pays d'Oz

label_pt: Lista dos livros da série Terra de Oz

abstract_ru: Книги о Стране Оз составляют серию произведений детской сказочной литературы, которая открывается книгой «Удивительный волшебник из страны Оз» (1900), начинающей рассказ об истории волшебной страны Оз, придуманной Фрэнком Баумом, который написал 14 законченных сказочных повестей об этой стране. Баум даже разработал для себя образ-амплуа «Королевского историка Оз», чтобы создать впечатление, что страна Оз — реально существующее место. Сказочник поддерживал у детей иллюзию, что персонажи страны Оз, такие как Дороти и Принцесса Озма, сообщали про свои приключения ему лично по радио. Серия книг Баума быстро завоевала популярность у читателей и вызвала к жизни обширную литературу, написанную по её мотивам. Кроме крупных содержательных повестей, существует много небольших рассказов, выпускаемых в сборниках. Есть также поэмы, пародии и т. д. В списке представлены наиболее значимые зарубежные и русскоязычные произведения. В Советском Союзе из книг о стране Оз была выпущена серия произведений Волкова, которую открывала повесть «Волшебник Изумрудного города» — переработанный пересказ первой книги Баума «Удивительный волшебник из страны Оз». Более широкое распространение в постсоветской России книги Волкова по сравнению с оригиналом Баума, сделало её базовой для дальнейшего развития сюжета в произведениях русских авторов (которые издаются в переводах, в том числе и на английском языке).

comment_pt: Os Livros de Oz formam uma série de alta fantasia que teve início com O Maravilhoso Mágico de Oz, e são relacionados à história da Terra de Oz. Oz foi originalmente uma criação do escritor L. Frank Baum, que escreveu quatorze livros sobre Oz. Depois do falecimento de Baum outros escritores escreveram mais 26 outros livros sobre a Terra de Oz. Diversos escritores acrescentaram suas próprias criações em Oz, dentre eles Gregory Maguire, com sua revisão Wicked.

label_it: Libri di Oz

label_es: Libros de Oz

label_ja: オズ・シリーズの一覧


label_en: 1991 in South America

prefLabel_en: 1991 in South America


name_en: Hiatavolva coarctata

comment_nl: Hiatavolva coarctata is een slakkensoort uit de familie van de Ovulidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1848 door G.B. Sowerby II in A. Adams & Reeve.

label_en: Hiatavolva coarctata

comment_en: Hiatavolva coarctata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ovulidae, the ovulids, cowry allies or false cowries.

synonym: Hiata coarctata (A. Adams & Reeve, 1848)

synonym: Ovulum coarctatum (A. Adams & Reeve, 1848)

synonym: Primovula horimasarui (Cate & Azuma, 1971)

label_nl: Hiatavolva coarctata


label_en: Friends' Institute buildings

comment_en: The Friends Institute Buildings are a former Religious Society of Friends (Quaker) meeting house, community facilities, and associated structures, at 200, Moseley Road, Balsall Heath, Birmingham, England. The various parts are now used as a church, school and the Moseley Road Community Centre. In September 2014, the buildings were granted Grade II* designation.


label_en: List of Oh My Goddess! episodes

abstract_fr: Cette page liste les épisodes des différentes adaptations en version anime du manga Ah! My Goddess.

label_ru: Список серий аниме «Моя Богиня!»

label_fr: Liste des épisodes de Ah! My Goddess

abstract_en: Oh My Goddess!, the manga by Kōsuke Fujishima, has been adapted into five anime versions between 1993 and 2007, including an original video animation (OVA), The Adventures of Mini-Goddess, Ah! My Goddess, and its sequels, Ah! My Goddess: Flights of Fancy and Ah! My Goddess: Fighting Wings. In 1993, Anime International Company produced a five-episode OVA series based on the manga series. Its success inspired a spinoff TV series entitled The Adventures of Mini-Goddess. Produced by Oriental Light and Magic and initially aired on WOWOW in 1998 and 1999, the plot revolved around the adventures of three miniaturized goddesses and their rat companion Gan-chan, all of whom live in a temple home. In 2005, Tokyo Broadcasting System (TBS) began broadcasting Ah! My Goddess, a new series directed by Hiroaki Gōda and animated by Anime International Company. It ran for 24 episodes between January 7 and July 8, 2005. A sequel also animated by Anime International Company and directed by Gōda, Ah! My Goddess: Flights of Fancy, aired on TBS between April 6 and September 14, 2006. A two-episode special entitled Ah! My Goddess: Fighting Wings, animated by Anime International Company and directed by Gōda, was broadcast on TBS on December 9, 2007. Each series was licensed to a different American publisher. AnimEigo received the rights to publish the OVA in Region 1 and released five VHS tapes and two DVDs. The Adventures of Mini-Goddess was licensed to Geneon Entertainment (under their old name, Pioneer Entertainment) and was released to four DVDs. Ah! My Goddess was licensed by Media Blasters, who released all 26 episodes on 6 DVD compilations. However, Media Blasters declined the sequel (Ah! My Goddess: Flights of Fancy); it was instead licensed to ADV Films, who released six DVD compilations. and then to Funimation, who later released a boxset in November 25, 2008. Thirteen pieces of theme music are used in the different series: four opening themes and nine ending themes. The Japanese production companies or the holders of the licenses in Region 1 released several soundtracks and drama CDs as well.