abstract_it: Le reazioni di Sandmeyer sono le reazioni di sostituzione nucleofila aromatica con cui, su un sale di diazonio arilico, il gruppo funzionale -N+≡N viene sostituito da un nucleofilo. La notevole importanza di questi processi è dovuta al fatto che, a partire dallo stesso composto, permettono l'introduzione negli anelli aromatici di una numerosa varietà di sostituenti nucleofili. L'inserimento del gruppo ossidrilico con questo metodo rappresenta la più importante preparazione in laboratorio dei fenoli.

abstract_es: La reacción de Sandmeyer permite la sustitución de un grupo amino (H2N−) en una amina aromática primaria por los grupos Cl−, Br− o CN−. Esto se consigue mediante la formación primero de la correspondiente sal de diazonio, que a continuación se hace reaccionar con la respectiva sal de cobre(I): CuCl, CuBr o CuCN. Reacción de Sandmeyer con haluros cuprosos El uso de las sales cuprosas se hace imprescindible para la obtención con éxito de cloruros, bromuros y nitrilos aromáticos a partir de sales de diazonio.

abstract_pl: Reakcja Sandmeyera – reakcja chemiczna wykorzystywana do syntezy halogenków arylowych z arylowych soli diazoniowych. Nazwa pochodzi od nazwiska odkrywcy, szwajcarskiego chemika Traugotta Sandmeyera. Przebieg reakcji: The Mechanism of the Sandmeyer Reaction Amina aromatyczna (lub heterocykliczna) reaguje z kwasem azotawym tworząc sól arenodiazoniową (arylową sól diazoniową). Utworzona sól reaguje z odpowiednim halogenkiem miedzi(I) (CuX), tworząc halogenek arylowy. Wydajności reakcji Sandneyara zawierają się w granicach 60–80%.

label_zh: 桑德迈尔反应

comment_nl: De Sandmeyer-reactie is een chemische reactie die wordt gebruikt voor het synthetiseren van aryl-haliden uit aryl-diazoniumzouten. De reactie werd vernoemd naar de Zwitserse scheikundige Traugott Sandmeyer. Algemeen reactieverloop van de Sandmeyer-reactie Ook aromatische nitrilen en aryl-kwikverbindingen kunnen via deze reactie gesynthetiseerd worden. De Sandmeyer-reactie is een voorbeeld van een radicale-nucleofiele aromatische substitutie.

label_en: Sandmeyer reaction

abstract_fr: La réaction de Sandmeyer est une réaction chimique utilisée pour synthétiser des halogénures d'aryles. Elle tient son nom du chimiste suisse Traugott Sandmeyer. Cette réaction est une substitution nucléophile aromatique (SNAr), elle se fait par la dégradation d'un sel de diazonium. Les produits de la réaction sont : \n*  en présence de chlorure de cuivre(I) (CuCl) ou d'acide chlorhydrique, la formation d'un chlorobenzène ; \n*  en présence de bromure de cuivre(I) (CuBr) ou d'acide bromhydrique, la formation d'un bromobenzène ; \n*  en présence d'iodure de cuivre(I) (CuI) ou d'acide iodhydrique, la formation d'un iodobenzène. Quel que soit l'homologue halogéné utilisé, il y aura toujours un dégagement de diazote gazeux.

label_ru: Реакция Зандмейера

comment_fr: La réaction de Sandmeyer est une réaction chimique utilisée pour synthétiser des halogénures d'aryles. Elle tient son nom du chimiste suisse Traugott Sandmeyer. Cette réaction est une substitution nucléophile aromatique (SNAr), elle se fait par la dégradation d'un sel de diazonium. Les produits de la réaction sont : Quel que soit l'homologue halogéné utilisé, il y aura toujours un dégagement de diazote gazeux.

comment_en: The Sandmeyer reaction is a chemical reaction used to synthesize aryl halides from aryl diazonium salts. It is named after the Swiss chemist Traugott Sandmeyer. The reaction is a method for substitution of an aromatic amino group via preparation of its diazonium salt followed by its displacement with a nucleophile, often catalyzed by copper(I) salts. The nucleophile can include halide anions, cyanide, thiols, water, and others. The reaction does not proceed well with the fluoride anion, but fluorination can be carried out using tetrafluoroborate anions (Balz–Schiemann reaction).

comment_ja: ザンドマイヤー反応は、銅(I)塩を用いて芳香族ジアゾニウムイオンをハロゲン化物やシアン化物に変換する反応である。 塩化銅(I)、臭化銅(I)、シアン化銅(I)を用いて、それぞれ対応する塩化アリール、臭化アリール、芳香族ニトリルが得られる。 反応性などの問題から銅(I)以外の試薬を用いるケースもあり、これらを広義のザンドマイヤー反応に含む場合もある。ジアゾニウムイオンをテトラフルオロホウ酸で処理するとフッ化物が得られ（シーマン反応）、ヨウ化カリウムで処理するとヨウ化物を与える。同様に水やアルコールで処理すると、フェノール類やエーテル類が得られる。

label_fr: Réaction de Sandmeyer

comment_zh: 桑德邁爾反應（Sandmeyer反应）是重氮鹽在CuX的催化下與鹵素鹽類反應產生卤代烃的化学反应。  其中X可以为溴、氯或氰基负离子。 其机理如下（之前的重氮化反应略去）： 反应机理File:Nuvola apps edu science.svg  桑德迈尔反应是一個關於化學反應的小作品。你可以通过編輯或修訂擴充其内容。

abstract_de: Durch eine Sandmeyer-Reaktion, benannt nach deren Entdecker Traugott Sandmeyer (1854–1922), wird mittels einer Diazotierung die Aminogruppe einer aromatischen Verbindung durch ein Nukleophil substituiert. Die Reaktion eignet sich gut zur Chlorierung und Bromierung von Aromaten und wird dann verwendet, wenn der Substituent, wie zum Beispiel Brom, nicht durch einfaches Verkochen des Diazoniumsalzes in den aromatischen Kern eingeführt werden kann. Auch Nitrile und Arylquecksilberverbindungen können durch eine Sandmeyer-Reaktion dargestellt werden. Zur Fluorierung ist sie schlecht geeignet, weshalb stattdessen die Schiemann-Reaktion eingesetzt wird. Die Iodierung erfolgt dagegen über eine sandmeyer-ähnliche Reaktion (siehe unten). Die Rosenmund-von Braun-Reaktion zur Herstellung von Arylnitrilen ähnelt der Sandmeyer-Reaktion.

label_pl: Reakcja Sandmeyera

comment_ru: Реакция Зандмейера — реакция замещения диазониевой группы анионом галогена (хлорид и бромид) или псевдогалогена (цианид, тиоцианат, азид и т. п.) с образованием замещенных аренов. Катализатором и иногда источником группы на которую проводится обмен, служит соответствующая соль одновалентной меди. Реакция открыта Т. Зандмейером в 1884 году и впервые опубликована в работе.Схемы реакций:  Пример синтеза (хлортолуол из толуидина) опубликован в работе.

label_pt: Reação de Sandmeyer

comment_pt: A reação de Sandmeyer é uma reação química usada para sintetizar haletos de arilo de sais de diazônio de arilo. É nomeada em relação ao químico suíço Traugott Sandmeyer. The Mechanism of the Sandmeyer Reaction Uma amina aromática (ou heterocíclica) reage rapidamente com um nitrito para formar um sal de diazônio, que se decompõe na presença de sais de cobre I, um sal cuproso, tal como o cloreto de cobre (I), para formar o haleto de arilo desejado. A reação é substituição aromática nucleofílica de radical. Várias melhorias foram feitas nos procedimentos padrões.

label_nl: Sandmeyer-reactie

label_it: Reazione di Sandmeyer

label_es: Reacción de Sandmeyer

label_de: Sandmeyer-Reaktion

label_ja: ザンドマイヤー反応


label_en: United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Insular Affairs


label_en: Elm Ridge Cemetery, North Brunswick

comment_en: Elm Ridge Cemetery is on Route 27 in North Brunswick, New Jersey.


abstract_ar: العربة الفضائية (بالإنجليزية: Space Rover) هي عربة استكشاف فضائي مصممة للتحرك عبر سطح الكواكب أو الأجسام الفضائية. تصمم بعض العربات لنقل والتحرك بالبشر في الرحلات الفضائية الحاملة للبشر, وبعضها الآخر مصممة للتحرك عن طريق التحكم عن بعد. من الممكن أن تحط على سطح الكوكب إما عن طريق مركبة فضائية أو عن طريق مركبة الهبوط الفضائي

abstract_it: Il rover (traduzione letterale vagabondo) è un veicolo costruito dall'uomo adibito al trasporto su un corpo celeste. Il rover viene portato sul pianeta o sul satellite dal lander. L'atterraggio deve'essere quindi morbido per non danneggiare il rover.

abstract_es: Un Rover, también conocido como astromóvil, es un vehículo de exploración espacial diseñado para moverse sobre la superficie de un planeta u otro objeto astronómico. Algunos astromóviles han sido diseñados para transportar tripulantes durante vuelos espaciales tripulados; otros han sido vehículos robóticos parcial o completamente autónomos. Los astromóviles suelen llegar a la superficie del planeta en una nave espacial tipo aterrizador.

abstract_pl: Łazik – rodzaj sondy kosmicznej, posiadający możliwość poruszania się po powierzchni ciała, na którym wylądował (planety lub księżyca, w planach także planetoid). Łazik, dzięki swojej mobilności, ma dużą przewagę nad tradycyjnym lądownikiem w kwestii wyboru miejsca i obiektu badań, jednak jego wysłanie jest znacznie droższe ze względu na konieczność umieszczenia systemu napędowego wewnątrz sondy, co znacznie zwiększa jej wagę. Do łazików zaliczane są głównie pojazdy bezzałogowe, ale łazikiem księżycowym był też nazywany załogowy Lunar Roving Vehicle, używany w misjach programu Apollo.

label_zh: 探測車

label_en: Rover (space exploration)

abstract_fr: Une astromobile, également connue sous le nom anglais rover ou sous la francisation éclaireur[réf. nécessaire], est un véhicule conçu pour explorer la surface d'une autre planète ou d'un corps céleste. Au cours de ses déplacements, elle mène des observations et des analyses de son environnement, souvent de façon quasi autonome et guidée depuis la Terre. Certains, comme le rover lunaire de la NASA, sont conçus pour transporter des astronautes et être pilotés par eux.

label_ru: Планетоход

comment_en: A rover (or sometimes planetary rover) is a space exploration vehicle designed to move across the surface of a planet or other celestial body. Some rovers have been designed to transport members of a human spaceflight crew; others have been partially or fully autonomous robots. Rovers usually arrive at the planetary surface on a lander-style spacecraft. Rovers are created to land on another planet, besides Earth, to find out information and to take samples. They can collect dust, rocks, and even take pictures.

comment_ja: 探査車、もしくはローバー（rover）とは宇宙開発において地球外の天体の表面を移動し、観測するために使われる車両。幾つかの探査車は宇宙飛行士の移動を行うために設計されているが、多くのものは部分的、あるいは全体が自律型ロボットである。探査車は着陸機の形式の宇宙機に乗せられて探査対象の天体表面に到達する。

label_fr: Astromobile

comment_de: Ein Rover (englisch für Vagabund, Wanderer) ist in der Raumfahrt ein bemanntes oder ferngesteuertes motorisiertes Landfahrzeug, das dazu dient, fremde Himmelskörper zu erkunden. Bisher wurden Rover nur auf dem Mond und auf dem Mars und nur von der Sowjetunion, den USA sowie der Volksrepublik China eingesetzt. Die dauerhafte Energieversorgung der Fahrzeuge erfolgt entweder über Solarzellen (Lunochod und Mars-Rover) oder über Radionuklidbatterien wie im Mars Science Laboratory.

comment_zh: 探測車或称巡视器（英语：rover 或 planetary rover）是一种太空探索中，用于在行星或其他天体的表面移动的车辆。目前人类发射的月球车、火星车都成功登陆过月球和火星。

label_pl: Łazik (badania kosmosu)

comment_ru: Планетоход — это аппарат, предназначенный для передвижения по поверхности другой планеты. Некоторые планетоходы были сконструированы для передвижения членов экипажа космической экспедиции, другие были нетранспортными исследовательскими аппаратами — дистанционно управляемыми роботами. Планетоходы доставляются на поверхность исследуемого небесного тела посадочными модулями, которые могут являться как самостоятельными космическими судами, так и отделяемыми спускаемыми аппаратами.

label_pt: Rover

comment_pt: Um rover (às vezes designado rover planetário) é um veículo de exploração espacial projetado para mover-se na superfície de um planeta ou de outro corpo celeste. Alguns rovers foram projetados para transportar membros da tripulação de uma missão espacial tripulada; outros são parcial ou totalmente construídos como robôs autônomos. Os rovers geralmente chegam à superfície do planeta de destino em um veículo aterrissador.

label_ar: عربة فضائية

label_nl: Rover (ruimtevaartuig)

label_it: Rover (astronautica)

label_es: Rover

abstract_nl: Een rover (Engels voor \"verkenner\", letterlijk \"rondtrekker\" of \"rondreiziger\") is een voertuig op wielen dat zich kan voortbewegen over de oppervlakte van een planeet of een ander hemellichaam. Het kan gaan om een onbemande robot die op afstand bestuurd wordt of semiautonoom is, maar het kan ook een bemand voertuig zijn waarmee astronauten op een andere planeet kunnen rondrijden. Een bekende rover is de maanwagen (Lunar Rover Vehicle) waarmee Amerikaanse astronauten op de Maan rondreden. Op Mars zijn twee Amerikaanse rovers actief: Opportunity (sinds 2004) en Curiosity (sinds 2012). Door de mogelijkheid om zich op eigen kracht voort te bewegen, hebben rovers het voordeel dat ze een veel groter gebied kunnen onderzoeken en vastleggen dan stationaire landers kunnen doen. Als ze aangedreven worden door zonnecellen, kunnen ze zich in de winterperiode op zonnige plekken vestigen. Missies met rovers hebben wel een grote technische complexiteit en daardoor grotere kans op mislukking dan missies met ruimtesondes die in een baan rond de planeet blijven of landers die op één plek blijven. Rovers landen op een planeet door middel van een lander, en na de landing moet de lander de rover op de planeetoppervlakte plaatsen, of de rover moet op eigen kracht de lander uitrijden. Hierbij kan van alles misgaan. Een andere risicofactor is dat rovers die op planeten op grote afstand van de Aarde rondrijden alleen met een flinke vertraging bestuurd kunnen worden, door de lange tijd die de radiosignalen er in beide richtingen over doen om de afstand te overbruggen. Deze rovers moeten dus semiautonoom kunnen handelen. De wagens moeten over ruig en onbekend terrein kunnen rijden en extreme omstandigheden kunnen weerstaan, zoals enorm hoge en lage temperaturen en druk. Ook moeten ze tegen stof en corrosie kunnen en tijdens de missietijd blijven werken zonder mogelijkheid tot reparatie.

label_de: Rover (Raumfahrt)

label_ja: 探査車


abstract_ar: أولاد معرف بلدية بدائرة عين بوسيف ولاية المدية الجزائرية. تقع في الجنوب الشرقي للولاية ناحية شلالة العذاورة.و هي مدينة تقع جنوب ولاية المدية والتي تبعد عن عاصمة الولاية بحوالي 80 كم والتي تعتبر من أقدم بلديات الولاية، والمدينة عبارة عن منطقة تقع في سهل جبلوكانت قديما تدعى أمّ العظام نسبة إلى منبع ماء كان فيها وتبلغ نسبة السكان فيها حوالي 8000 آلاف نسمة أولاد معرف مدينة جزائرية تقع في الهضاب العليا على بعد 80كلم جنوب العاصمة الجزائرية.. الجزائر العاصمة، يقدر عدد سكانها بـ 10000 نسمة(إحصائيات 2008). من مسمياتها مدينة أم العظام وكذا الخميس. أولاد معرف تبعد عن العاصمة بحوالي 80 كلم. ويبلغ ارتفاعها عن مستوى سطح البحر بحوالي 800 م. وتقع في الجنوب الشرقي للولاية على الحدود مع ولاية الجلفة. وتبعدعن مقرالولاية بمسافة حوالي 50 كلم. - بلدية أولاد معرف تحدها ستة بديات هي (. عين بوسيف. البيرين. ثلاثة الدوائر. العوينات. المفاتحة. بوغزول).-ومن اعلامهاالشهيد عامر قدور...

name_en: Ouled Maaref

label_en: Ouled Maaref

abstract_fr: Ouled Maaref est une commune de la wilaya de Médéa en Algérie.

comment_en: Ouled Maaref is a town and commune in Médéa Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 9415.

label_fr: Ouled Maaref

label_pt: Ouled Maaref

comment_pt: Ouled Maaref (em árabe: أولاد معرف) é uma comuna localizada na província de Médéa, Argélia. De acordo com o censo de 2008, a população total da cidade era de 9 287 habitantes.

label_ar: أولاد معرف


abstract_it: Saint-Micaud è un comune francese di 251 abitanti situato nel dipartimento della Saona e Loira nella regione della Borgogna.

abstract_es: Saint-Micaud  es una población y comuna francesa, en la región de Borgoña, departamento de Saona y Loira, en el distrito de Chalon-sur-Saône y cantón de Mont-Saint-Vincent.

abstract_pl: Saint-Micaud – miejscowość i gmina we Francji, w regionie Burgundia-Franche-Comté, w departamencie Saona i Loara. Według danych na rok 1990 gminę zamieszkiwały 242 osoby, a gęstość zaludnienia wynosiła 12 osób/km² (wśród 2044 gmin Burgundii Saint-Micaud plasuje się na 670. miejscu pod względem liczby ludności, natomiast pod względem powierzchni na miejscu 435.).

name_en: Saint-Micaud

comment_nl: Saint-Micaud is een gemeente in het Franse departement Saône-et-Loire (regio Bourgondië) en telt 203 inwoners (1999). De plaats maakt deel uit van het arrondissement Chalon-sur-Saône.

label_en: Saint-Micaud

abstract_fr: Saint-Micaud est une commune française située dans le département de Saône-et-Loire, en région Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.

comment_en: Saint-Micaud is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne in eastern France.

label_fr: Saint-Micaud

label_pl: Saint-Micaud

label_pt: Saint-Micaud

comment_pt: Saint-Micaud é uma comuna francesa na região administrativa da Borgonha, no departamento Saône-et-Loire. Estende-se por uma área de 20,17 km². Em 2010 a comuna tinha 253 habitantes (densidade: 12,5 hab./km²).

label_nl: Saint-Micaud

label_it: Saint-Micaud

label_es: Saint-Micaud


label_en: Astronomical objects discovered in 1921

prefLabel_en: Astronomical objects discovered in 1921


label_en: Astronomical objects discovered in 2015

prefLabel_en: Astronomical objects discovered in 2015


label_en: Don't Tug on Superman's Cape (Lois & Clark)


label_en: List of members of the Parliament of Norway, 1945-1949


abstract_es: Liberman Broadcasting, Inc. (LBI) es una compañía de difusión de televisión y radio de Estados Unidos en idioma español, para la comunidad hispana, creada en 1987 por José y Lenard Liberman. La sede tiene base en Burbank, California. Es propietaria de Estrella TV.

name_en: Liberman Broadcasting

label_en: Liberman Broadcasting

comment_en: Liberman Broadcasting is a media company based in Burbank, California. Liberman Broadcasting primarily caters to the Spanish-speaking Hispanic community and owns television and radio stations in several of the top Hispanic markets.

label_es: Liberman Broadcasting


label_en: Constituency PS-90 (Karachi-II)

comment_en: PS-90 (Karachi-II) is a constituency of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh.


label_en: 19th century in Cumberland

prefLabel_en: 19th century in Cumberland


name_en: J. B. Ragatz

label_en: J. B. Ragatz

comment_en: J. B. Ragatz was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.

gender_en: male


label_en: Grey Party of Canada politicians

prefLabel_en: Grey Party of Canada politicians


name_en: Stone Flute

label_en: Stone Flute

comment_en: Stone Flute is an album by flautist Herbie Mann recorded in 1969 and becoming the first release on Mann's Embryo label.


label_en: Milton Keynes Hoard

comment_en: The Milton Keynes Hoard is a hoard of Bronze Age gold found in September 2000 in a field near Monkston, Milton Keynes, England. The hoard consisted of two torcs, three bracelets, and a fragment of bronze rod contained in a pottery vessel. The inclusion of pottery in the find enabled it to be dated to around 1150–800 BC. Milton Keynes has also been the locality of many other finds of antiquity, including several Romano-British hoard finds within a 10–12 miles (16–19 km) radius of the centre of Milton Keynes.

abstract_en: The Milton Keynes Hoard is a hoard of Bronze Age gold found in September 2000 in a field near Monkston, Milton Keynes, England. The hoard consisted of two torcs, three bracelets, and a fragment of bronze rod contained in a pottery vessel. The inclusion of pottery in the find enabled it to be dated to around 1150–800 BC. Weighing in at 2.020 kg (4.45 lb), the hoard was described by the British Museum as \"one of the biggest concentrations of Bronze Age gold known from Great Britain\". The find was deemed important for providing a \"social and economic picture\" for the period. The hoard was valued at £290,000 and now resides at the British Museum. Milton Keynes has also been the locality of many other finds of antiquity, including several Romano-British hoard finds within a 10–12 miles (16–19 km) radius of the centre of Milton Keynes.


name_en: Peter Borwick

givenName_en: Peter

label_en: Peter Borwick

comment_en: Peter Malise Borwick was an English cricketer active in 1932 who played for Northamptonshire (Northants). He was born in York on 21 November 1913 and died in Haselbeach, Northamptonshire on 23 December 1983. He appeared in three first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who bowled left-arm orthodox spin. He scored 25 runs with a highest score of 11 and took three wickets with a best performance of one for 25.

surname_en: Borwick

description_en: English cricketer


label_en: Nikolayevka, Ufimsky District, Bashkortostan


name_en: Orthophytum 'Blaze'

label_en: Orthophytum 'Blaze'

comment_en: 'Blaze' is a hybrid cultivar of the genus Orthophytum in the Bromeliad family.


abstract_it: Deathstalker II - Duello di titani è un film del 1987 diretto da Jim Wynorski. È il secondo film della serie cinematografica Deathstalker. La saga Deathstalker ha avuto quattro sequel, diretti da vari registi. Grazie al produttore Roger Corman, questo film senga l'esordio del regista Jim Wynorski.

abstract_es: Deathstalker II, también conocida como Deathstalker II: Duel of the Titans (en Español: Deathstalker II: Duelo de titanes; El cazador de la muerte II en Argentina), es una película argentina-estadounidense de acción y aventura de 1987 dirigida por Jim Wynorski. Es una secuela de la película de culto Deathstalker.

name_en:
Deathstalker II:
Duel of the Titans

comment_nl: Deathstalker II (ook bekend als Deathstalker II: Duel of the Titans) is een Argentijnse fantasyfilm uit 1987, en de tweede film uit de Deathstalker-filmreeks. De film werd geregisseerd door Jim Wynorski.

label_en: Deathstalker II

comment_en: Deathstalker II, also known as Deathstalker II: Duel of the Titans, is a 1987 Argentine-American fantasy adventure film directed by Jim Wynorski and starring John Terlesky and Monique Gabrielle. Terlesky replaced Rick Hill, the protagonist from the previous film, in the starring role of Deathstalker. This is the last sword and sorcery movie that Roger Corman produced in Argentina during the 80's.

comment_de: Mystor – Der Todesjäger II (Originaltitel: Deathstalker II) ist ein 1987 produzierter US-amerikanisch-argentinischer Barbarenfilm aus dem Genre der Fantasyfilme. Der Film stellt die Fortsetzung von Der Todesjäger (Originaltitel: Deathstalker) von 1983 dar. Mit zwei weiteren Nachfolgern (Deathstalker III und Deathstalker IV) bildet er somit den zweiten Teil einer Tetralogie.

label_nl: Deathstalker II

label_it: Deathstalker II - Duello di titani

label_es: Deathstalker 2

label_de: Mystor – Der Todesjäger II


label_en: 1990–91 Tranmere Rovers F.C. season

comment_en: Tranmere Rovers F.C. won the Third Division play-off final in 1990–91. John King's side lost only two of their first twelve games, with Eddie Bishop scoring a hat-trick over Mansfield Town. After a period of inconsistent form, the re-entered the promotion places with six successive wins. They qualified for the play-offs in fifth position after winning four of their last five matches. Tranmere defeated Brentford 3–2, then beat Bolton Wanderers 1–0 after extra time in the final. They defeated Rotherham United 3–0, Blackpool 2–0, Wigan Athletic 3–0 and Preston North End 4–1 in the Leyland DAF Cup before losing to Birmingham City in the final at Wembley Stadium.


label_en: 2010 Clarkson Cup

comment_en: The 2010 Clarkson Cup was contested at the Elgin Barrow Arena in Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada. The four competing teams included the Brampton Thunder, Minnesota Whitecaps, Mississauga Chiefs, and Montreal Stars.


name_en: Una River

label_en: Una River (Itaete, Bahia)

comment_en: The Una River is a river of Bahia state in eastern Brazil. It is a small river that starts in Serra Geral and flows near Iramaia (in the Centro Sul Baiano mesoregion) before discharging into the Paraguaçu River.


abstract_ar: السيطرة المدنية على الجيش تحكم القيادة المدنية في الجيش هي عقيدة في العلوم العسكرية والسياسية التي تضع المسؤولية النهائية  لصنع القرار الإستراتيجي وقرارات الأمن القومي في البلاد في يد القيادة السياسية المدنية، بدلا من العسكريين الغير مؤهلين في الأصل للسياسة أو ممارستها. أحد الكُتَاب قد أقتبس كلمات صامويل هنتنجتون Samuel P. Huntington في كتابه \"الجندي والدولة والتي لخص فيها فكرة السيطرة المدنية على أنها \"التبعية المناسبة للعسكريين المحترفين للحدود السياسية التي وضعتها السلطة المدنية. وفي الغالب ما يُنظر للسيطرة المدنية كَسمة من سمات الديمقراطية. استخدام هذا المصطلح في التحليلات العلمية يميل إلى أن يحدث في سياق ديمقراطية يحكمها المسؤولين المنتخبين الرسميين ، على الرغم من أن خضوع الجيش للسيطرة السياسية ليست فريدة من نوعها في هذه المجتمعات. 'أحد الأمثلة على ذلك هو جمهورية الصين الشعبية. وقد قال ماو تسي تونغ \"مبدأنا هو ان الحزب يأمر العسكر ، و يجب ألا يُسمح للعسكر بقيادة الحزب\" وهذا يعكس أولوية الحزب الشيوعي الصيني (والأحزاب الشيوعية عامةً )، كصناع للقرار في اللينينية الماوية والنظريات المركزية الديمقراطية.

abstract_it: Il controllo civile dei militari è una dottrina delle scienze politiche e militari che pone come ultimo responsabile del processo decisionale strategico di una nazione la leadership della popolazione civile, piuttosto che ufficiali delle forze armate.Il controllo civile è spesso visto come un prerequisito di una società stabile e democratica.L'uso del termine in analisi accademiche tende ad essere inserito nel contesto di democrazie occidentali governate da statisti eletti democraticamente sebbene il concetto di subordinazione dei militari al controllo politico non è ristretto a queste società.

label_zh: 軍隊國家化

label_en: Civilian control of the military

comment_ja: 文民統制（ぶんみんとうせい、シビリアン・コントロール、英: civilian control of the military）とは、文民たる政治家が軍隊を統制するという政軍関係における基本方針であり、軍事に対する政治の優先を意味する。「文民（英: civilian）」の語義を明確にする意図から「政治統制（英: Political control）」という表現を用いることもある。また、「文民優越（英: civilian supremacy）」とも言う。

comment_zh: 軍隊國家化，是一个军事和政治学领域的主张，即軍隊不專屬於特定人士擁有，無政黨派系分別，屬一國之全體人民所擁有的，使全國軍隊皆受國家的編組，尊重軍令與政令的統一，此亦是維持國家安定的關鍵基礎。另一方面，軍隊國家化也能視為是否為民主國家的判斷指標之一。军队国家化对立面是军队私有化 。 军队国家化的实质是军队不得成为党派或私人干涉和影响国内政治的工具，即不得公器私用以槍桿子保卫政黨或政权，軍隊不受政黨指揮；军人的职责仅为保卫国家，服务全体国民。

abstract_en: Civilian control of the military is a doctrine in military and political science that places ultimate responsibility for a country's strategic decision-making in the hands of the civilian political leadership, rather than professional military officers. The de facto opposite of having civilian control of the military is a military dictatorship. A lack of control over the military may result in a state within a state. One author, paraphrasing Samuel P. Huntington's writings in The Soldier and the State, has summarized the civilian control ideal as \"the proper subordination of a competent, professional military to the ends of policy as determined by civilian authority\". Civilian control is often seen as a prerequisite feature of a stable liberal democracy. Use of the term in scholarly analyses tends to take place in the context of a democracy governed by elected officials, though the subordination of the military to political control is not unique to these societies. One example is the People's Republic of China. Mao Zedong stated that \"Our principle is that the Party commands the gun, and the gun must never be allowed to command the Party,\" reflecting the primacy of the Communist Party of China (and communist parties in general) as decision-makers in Marxist–Leninist and Maoist theories of democratic centralism. As noted by University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill professor Richard H. Kohn, \"civilian control is not a fact but a process\". Affirmations of respect for the values of civilian control notwithstanding, the actual level of control sought or achieved by the civilian leadership may vary greatly in practice, from a statement of broad policy goals that military commanders are expected to translate into operational plans, to the direct selection of specific targets for attack on the part of governing politicians. National Leaders with limited experience in military matters often have little choice but to rely on the advice of professional military commanders trained in the art and science of warfare to inform the limits of policy; in such cases, the military establishment may enter the bureaucratic arena to advocate for or against a particular course of action, shaping the policy-making process and blurring any clear-cut lines of civilian control.

label_ar: السيطرة المدنية على الجيش

label_it: Controllo civile dei militari

label_ja: 文民統制


label_en: Pterothysanus atratus

comment_en: Pterothysanus atratus is a moth in the family Callidulidae. It was described by Butler in 1885. It is found in India (Assam).


label_en: Bhubaneswar Central (Madhya) (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)

comment_en: Bhubaneswar Central (Madhya)  (Sl. No.: 112) is a Vidhan Sabha constituency of Khordha district, Odisha, India. This constituency includes Ward No. 16 to 29 and 35 to 37 of Bhubaneswar.


comment_nl: Argalista rosea is een slakkensoort uit de familie van de Colloniidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1876 door Tenison Woods.

label_en: Argalista rosea

comment_en: Argalista rosea is a species of small sea snail with calcareous opercula, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Colloniidae.

label_nl: Argalista rosea


label_en: Binford, Mississippi

comment_en: Binford is an unincorporated community in Monroe County, Mississippi. Binford is located at 33°45′11″N 88°34′51″W / 33.75306°N 88.58083°W southwest of Aberdeen.


label_en: Teltschik Tower

comment_en: Teltschik Tower is a 41 metre-high observation tower built of wood in Wilhelmsfeld, Germany. The tower was built by Walter Teltschik, a citizen of Wilhelmsfeld, in remembrance of his origins in the Kuhländchen near Brno, a part of the former Sudetenland (modern-day Czech Republic). From the top of the tower there is an excellent view over the hills of the Odenwald (mountainous region in southern Germany) and as well to the Rhine Valley near Mannheim and the Black Forest.

abstract_de: Der Teltschikturm ist ein 41 m hoher Aussichtsturm im Odenwald. Er steht bei Wilhelmsfeld im baden-württembergischen Rhein-Neckar-Kreis auf dem 529,5 m ü. NHN hohen Schriesheimer Kopf im Naturpark Neckartal-Odenwald. Der 2001 gebaute Holzfachwerkturm wurde „zur Erinnerung an die 1945 verlorene Heimat im Sudetenland“ errichtet. Er wird manchmal abends beleuchtet und ist aus großer Entfernung aus der Oberrheinischen Tiefebene sichtbar. Der Turm bietet weite Aussicht überwiegend im Odenwald und besonders auf das nahe Wilhelmsfeld. Er ist baugleich mit dem 2002 errichteten Aussichtsturm Hohe Warte beim Pforzheimer Stadtteil Hohenwart.

label_de: Teltschikturm


label_en: Houses in Webster County, Missouri

prefLabel_en: Houses in Webster County, Missouri


name_en: Marcel Niederer

label_en: Marcel Niederer

comment_en: Marcel Niederer (born 9 September 1960 in St. Gallen) is a Swiss entrepreneur and former ice hockey player. He mainly became famous by his sports career and the investment in Belinda Bencic.

comment_de: Marcel Niederer (* 9. September 1960 in St. Gallen) ist ein Schweizer Unternehmer und ehemaliger Eishockeyspieler. Er wurde vor allem durch seine sportlichen Erfolge und das Sportmanagement von Belinda Bencic bekannt.

label_de: Marcel Niederer


label_en: New Jersey Registered Historic Place stubs


label_zh: 香港教育大學

name_en:
The Education University of Hong Kong
香港教育大學

label_en: Education University of Hong Kong

comment_en: The Education University of Hong Kong (Abbreviated: EdUHK, Chinese: 香港教育大學), founded in 1994 as the Hong Kong Institute of Education (Abbreviated: HKIEd, Chinese: 香港教育學院) is one of eight subsidised Universities under the University Grants Committee of Hong Kong and the only one dedicated to teacher education. According to the 2015 QS World University Rankings in the field of Education, it is ranked 15th in the world and 3rd in Asia; in the field of linguistics, it is ranked 101-150th in the world. Besides, in the field of Social Science and Management, it is ranked 378th in the world (2014 QS World University Rankings).

comment_ja: 香港教育大学（ホンコンきょういくだいがく、英語名：The Education University of Hong Kong、広東語表記：香港教育大學）は香港にある公立大学である。1994年度に羅富国教育学院（Northcote College of Education）、葛量洪教育学院（Grantham College of Education）、柏立基教育学院（Sir Robert Black College of Education）、香港工商師範学院（Hong Kong Technical Teachers' College）及び語文教育学院（Institute of Languages in Education）の5大学が合併し、香港教育学院となった。2016年5月に香港教育学院は名前を変更しましたから、香港教育大学になる。

comment_zh: 香港教育大學（簡稱：教大；英语：The Education University of Hong Kong，縮寫 EdUHK）是香港唯一以師範教育為本的大學，亦是八間大學教育資助委員會轄下的法定公立大學之一。 教大前身香港教育學院為1994年合併五間師訓學院而成，他們分別為： 1.  \n* 羅富國師範學院 （英语：Northcote College of Education，於 1939年創立） 2.  \n* 葛量洪教育學院 （英语：Grantham College of Education，於 1951年創立） 3.  \n* 柏立基教育學院 （英语：Sir Robert Black College of Education，於 1960年創立） 4.  \n* 香港工商師範學院 （英语：Hong Kong Technical Teachers' College，於 1974年創立） 5.  \n* 語文教育學院 （英语：Institute of Language in Education，於 1982年創立） 2016年，教大的教育及師資培訓在國際QS世界大學排名中位列全球第12名、亞洲區第2名 ；語言學則位列全球首 101-150 名 。教大發展時間較短的社會科學也曾在QS世界大學排名把社會科學和管理學合併評分前，於2014年在國際QS世界大學排名中取得全球第三百七十八名。。

officialSchoolColour: Orange&Green

abstract_zh: 香港教育大學（簡稱：教大；英语：The Education University of Hong Kong，縮寫 EdUHK）是香港唯一以師範教育為本的大學，亦是八間大學教育資助委員會轄下的法定公立大學之一。 教大前身香港教育學院為1994年合併五間師訓學院而成，他們分別為： 1.  \n* 羅富國師範學院 （英语：Northcote College of Education，於 1939年創立） 2.  \n* 葛量洪教育學院 （英语：Grantham College of Education，於 1951年創立） 3.  \n* 柏立基教育學院 （英语：Sir Robert Black College of Education，於 1960年創立） 4.  \n* 香港工商師範學院 （英语：Hong Kong Technical Teachers' College，於 1974年創立） 5.  \n* 語文教育學院 （英语：Institute of Language in Education，於 1982年創立） 2015年9月，大學教育資助委員會經評審認為教院採取的內部學術流程，其質素與其他教資會資助大學並無二致，而在院校層面，如管理、研究、畢業生水平等方面亦與其他教資會大學比肩，反映其已合乎資助大學水平。因此。通過向行政會議建議讓香港教育學院正名大學。2016年1月，行政長官會同行政會議批准向教院授予大學名銜。2016年5月，立法會三讀通過《2016年香港教育學院（修訂）條例草案》，於同月刊憲生效，「香港教育學院」正式正名為「香港教育大學」，成為香港第十間大學及第八間公帑資助大學。 2016年，教大的教育及師資培訓在國際QS世界大學排名中位列全球第12名、亞洲區第2名 ；語言學則位列全球首 101-150 名 。教大發展時間較短的社會科學也曾在QS世界大學排名把社會科學和管理學合併評分前，於2014年在國際QS世界大學排名中取得全球第三百七十八名。。 在地區認受性方面，按2004-2016年香港大學民意研究計劃調查結果，教大在「港人眼中的大專院校排名」中名列第7 ，亦於2016年「本港僱主最願意聘用的大學畢業生」調查中名列第7。

label_ja: 香港教育学院


title_en:
Chief Executive Officer
Chief Scout Executive


comment_en: The 2011 Donegal Senior Football Championship was contested by senior Gaelic football clubs under the auspices of Donegal GAA. Glenswilly were 2011 Champions, their first ever title. Naomh Mícheál also made their first final appearance.


label_en: Oceania newspaper stubs

prefLabel_en: Oceania newspaper stubs


givenName_en: Tim

label_en: Tim Jordan (baseball)

comment_en: Timothy Joseph Jordan (February 14, 1879 – September 13, 1949) was a professional baseball player. He was a first baseman over parts of seven seasons with the Washington Senators, New York Highlanders and Brooklyn Superbas. He led the National League in home runs twice, in 1906 and 1908 with Brooklyn. He was born and later died at the age of 70 in New York City.

surname_en: Jordan

description_en: American baseball player


label_en: County Sligo North (UK Parliament constituency)


label_en: Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe


name_en: Flying Bison Brewing Company

label_en: Flying Bison Brewing Company

comment_en: Flying Bison Brewing Company is a brewery in Buffalo, New York, USA, in the city's Riverside neighborhood. The brewery incorporated in 1995, opened for business in 2000, was started by two majority partners, Phil Internicola and Tim Herzog, along with 25 individual investors. Flying Bison draws its name in part from Buffalo's rich history of aviation manufacturing. The brewery's Dawn Patrol Gold Kölsch is named in honor of the Curtiss JN-4 \"Jenny\" biplane that was built in a factory on Niagara Street in Buffalo and flew dawn patrols off the east coast of England during World War I.

abstract_en: Flying Bison Brewing Company is a brewery in Buffalo, New York, USA, in the city's Riverside neighborhood. The brewery incorporated in 1995, opened for business in 2000, was started by two majority partners, Phil Internicola and Tim Herzog, along with 25 individual investors. The brewery began operations as a 20-barrel facility. In early 2004, it installed a full bottling line and upgraded its production capacity by adding a 40 barrel fermenter. The brewery has since expanded by more than 200% adding 4 more 40 barrel fermenters. It presently distributes its products to bars, restaurants and retail outlets in Erie, Niagara, and Chautauqua counties. Flying Bison is the first stand-alone brewery to operate in Buffalo since the Iroquois Brewing Company closed in 1972. Flying Bison draws its name in part from Buffalo's rich history of aviation manufacturing. The brewery's Dawn Patrol Gold Kölsch is named in honor of the Curtiss JN-4 \"Jenny\" biplane that was built in a factory on Niagara Street in Buffalo and flew dawn patrols off the east coast of England during World War I. Flying Bison attributed a rise in the cost of ingredients to severe financial difficulty which caused a brief halt in production in 2010. A sale of the brewery to F. X. Matt Brewing Co., the Utica, New York-based makers of Saranac beer rescued the brewery. The terms of the sale stated that Matt was a parent company and that production would continue in Buffalo. In 2014, the company announced their intention to build a new brewery in the Larkinville district of Buffalo, vacating their longtime home on Ontario Street. The new brewery is expected to open in the fall of 2014. It will increase their output to as much as 10,000 BBL annually, grow jobs from ten to 16 employees, and add a taproom and patio space for events and sales by the pint. Flying Bison beers distributed in Western New York by Try-It Distributing can be found at Wegmans Food Markets, Consumer's Beverages, which is a local beer store chain in the Buffalo area, and many establishments throughout Western New York.


abstract_pl: Radzice Małe – wieś w Polsce położona w województwie łódzkim, w powiecie opoczyńskim, w gminie Drzewica. W latach 1975–1998 miejscowość administracyjnie należała do województwa radomskiego. Zobacz też: Radzice Duże

name_en: Radzice Małe

label_en: Radzice Małe

abstract_fr: Radzice Małe (prononciation [raˈd͡ʑit͡sɛ ˈmawɛ) est un village de la gmina de Drzewica, du powiat d'Opoczno, dans la voïvodie de Łódź, situé dans le centre de la Pologne. Il se situe à environ 6 kilomètres au nord-ouest de Drzewica (siège de la gmina), 13 kilomètres au nord-est d'Opoczno (siège du powiat) et 74 kilomètres au sud-est de Łódź (capitale de la voïvodie). Sa population s'élevait approximativement à 590 habitants en 2006.

comment_en: Radzice Małe [raˈd͡ʑit͡sɛ ˈmawɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Drzewica, within Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north-west of Drzewica, 13 km (8 mi) north-east of Opoczno, and 74 km (46 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź. The village has a population of 590.

label_fr: Radzice Małe

label_pl: Radzice Małe


label_en: Indianapolis International Violin Competition


label_en: High Sheriffs of Breconshire

prefLabel_en: High Sheriffs of Breconshire


abstract_it: La terza stagione della serie televisiva Vikings, composta da 10 episodi, è stata trasmessa sul canale canadese History dal 19 febbraio al 23 aprile 2015. Negli Stati Uniti è stata trasmessa, nelle stesse date, sul canale History. In Italia, la stagione è stata pubblicata sulla piattaforma on demand TIMvision il 19 giugno 2015. Gli episodi sono stati inoltre trasmessi dal 25 gennaio al 22 febbraio 2016 su Rai 4.I titoli italiani sono stati aggiunti quando la serie è stata pubblicata da Netflix. Durante questa stagione entrano nel cast principale Ben Robson, Kevin Durand e Lothaire Bluteau, mentre ne escono Jessalyn Gilsig e George Blagden.

label_en: Vikings (season 3)

abstract_fr: Cet article présente les dix épisodes de la troisième saison de la série télévisée canado-irlandaise Vikings.

comment_en: The third season of the Canadian-Irish historical drama television series Vikings premiered on February 19, 2015 on History in Canada and in the United States and concluded on April 23, 2015, consisting of 10 episodes. Filmed in Ireland, Vikings is inspired by the tales about the Viking Ragnar Lothbrok, one of the best-known mythological Norse heroes and notorious as the scourge of France and England. It portrays Ragnar as a Viking farmer who pioneers the first daring raids into England with the support of fellow warriors, his brother Rollo, and his ex-wife, the shieldmaiden Lagertha.

label_fr: Saison 3 de Vikings

label_it: Episodi di Vikings (terza stagione)


label_en: Aleksandr Andreyevich, Prince Bezborodko


abstract_pl: Ojciec (org. Папа) – rosyjski dramat obyczajowy z 2004 roku w reż. Władimira Maszkowa na podstawie sztuki Aleksandra Galicza pt. Matrosskaja Tiszyna.

name_en: Daddy

label_en: Daddy (2004 film)

abstract_fr: Papa (Папа) est un film russe de Vladimir Machkov, sorti en salles en 2004, d'après la pièce d'Alexandre Galitch Le Silence du marin et selon un scénario de Vladimir Machkov et Ilya Rubinstein. Les producteurs sont Vladimir Machkov, Mikhaïl Zilbermann (ru) et Igor Tolstounov. Le film a été tourné à Moscou et Kamenets-Podolski entre le 24 mai et le 16 novembre 2003.

label_ru: Папа (фильм, 2004)

comment_en: Daddy (Russian: Папа, translit. Papa) is a 2004 Russian drama film directed by and starring Vladimir Mashkov. It was entered into the 26th Moscow International Film Festival.

label_fr: Papa (film, 2004)

label_pl: Ojciec (film 2004)

comment_ru: «Па́па» — художественный фильм 2004 года.


label_en: Germany–Nigeria relations

prefLabel_en: Germany–Nigeria relations


label_en: A-Class Iraq articles

prefLabel_en: A-Class Iraq articles


label_en: Cologne Beltway

comment_en: The Cologne Beltway (German:Kölner Autobahnring) is the collective term for the Autobahns encircling Cologne. It consists of the Bundesautobahn 1, the Bundesautobahn 3 and the Bundesautobahn 4. The beltway handles one of the highest traffic volumes in Germany. The Autobahns on the beltway cross Bundesautobahn 559, Bundesautobahn 555 and Bundesautobahn 57. The Bundesautobahn 59 is tied to the beltway at the interchange Leverkusen-West in the north and to Dreieck Heumar in the south.

abstract_de: Der Kölner Autobahnring – auch kurz Kölner Ring genannt – besteht im Uhrzeigersinn aus den die Stadt Köln ringförmig umgebenden Autobahn-Abschnitten der A 3, der A 4 und der A 1 zwischen dem Autobahnkreuz Leverkusen, dem Autobahndreieck Köln-Heumar und dem Autobahnkreuz Köln-West in einer Länge von 51,8 km. Der Ring ist zentraler Übergangspunkt zwischen diesen drei hochfrequentierten Autobahnen und hat daher neben den lokalen Verkehrsströmen zugleich den so zugeführten Fernverkehr zu bewältigen. Er zählt deshalb zu den höchstbelasteten und stauanfälligsten Autobahnabschnitten in Deutschland. Der Kölner Ring kreuzt die Autobahnen A 559 am Kreuz Köln-Gremberg, die A 555 von Bonn am Autobahnkreuz Köln-Süd und die A 57 (Krefeld–Köln-Ehrenfeld) am Autobahnkreuz Köln-Nord. Die A 59 ist aus Richtung Düsseldorf am Autobahnkreuz Leverkusen-West und aus Richtung Bonn am Heumarer Dreieck an den Kölner Ring angebunden. Der Autobahnring ist der äußerste der Kölner Straßenringe. Er verläuft mit Ausnahme von 6 km im Nordosten vollständig auf Kölner Stadtgebiet. Weitere Kölner Ringe sind – von außen nach innen – der Militärring, der Gürtel, die Innere Kanalstraße und die Ringe.

label_de: Kölner Autobahnring


abstract_ar: قياس العمر إشعاعياً هو طريقة لتقدير عمر المواد و(منها المستحاثات أيضا) وتسمى بالإنكليزية ب Radiometric dating وتعني تحديد العمر بالطريقة الراديومترية (الاشعاعية), هذه الطريقة تعتمد على النشاط الاشعاعي للنظائر الطبيعية. هنالك طرق عديدة مختلفة للقيام بذلك وكل طريقة تستعمل نظام نظائري مختلف عن الأخرى وكل طريقة تختلف عن الأخرى في مستوى الدقة واتكاليف والمدة الزمنية التي يجب أن نرجع إلى الوراء لمعرفة عمر المادة.

abstract_it: La datazione radiometrica (o radiodatazione) è uno dei metodi per determinare l'età di oggetti antichi. Essa si basa sul raffronto tra le abbondanze osservate di un opportuno isotopo radioattivo e dei suoi prodotti di decadimento (noto il tempo di dimezzamento, ed è la principale fonte di informazioni sull'età della Terra e sulla velocità dell'evoluzione delle specie viventi). Esistono vari metodi di datazione radiometrica, differenti nella precisione della misura, nei costi e nelle scale temporali per le quali possono essere utilizzati. Il più noto (nonché il primo ad essere stato sviluppato) è quello del Carbonio-14 (C14).

abstract_es: La datación radiométrica es un procedimiento técnico empleado para determinar la edad absoluta de rocas, minerales y restos orgánicos (paleontológicos). El método se basa en las proporciones de un isótopo «padre» y de uno o más descendientes de los que se conoce su semivida o periodo de semidesintegración, contenidos en la muestra que se va a estudiar. Los isótopos propicios para analizar dependen del tipo de muestra y de la presunta antigüedad de lo restos que se quieran datar. Ejemplos de estas técnicas son: K/Ar, U/Pb, Rb/Sr, Sm/Nd, etcétera. Un caso particular es la datación por carbono radiactivo (basada en la desintegración del isótopo carbono 14), comúnmente utilizada para la datación de restos orgánicos relativamente recientes, de hasta 60 000 años. La datación radiométrica se viene realizando desde 1905, cuando fue inventado por Ernest Rutherford como un método por el cual determinar la edad de la Tierra. Desde entonces las técnicas han sido enormemente mejoradas y ampliadas.

abstract_pl: Datowanie izotopowe (radiodatowanie) – metody datowania próbek, oparte na zjawisku rozpadu promieniotwórczego, stosowane głównie w naukach geologicznych i archeologicznych. Pierwszy raz opracowana przez Willarda Libby'ego. Metody oparte są na określeniu proporcji pomiędzy pierwotną zawartością danego izotopu promieniotwórczego a obecną zawartością tego izotopu w próbce. Proporcja ta zależna jest wyłącznie od czasu rozpadu. Warunkiem metodologicznym jest utrzymanie układu zamkniętego w czasie trwania rozpadu (z wyjątkiem metody radiowęglowej). Pierwotną zawartość izotopu oblicza się poprzez zsumowanie produktu jego rozpadu (stałego izotopu radiogenicznego) oraz reszty nierozpadniętego izotopu promieniotwórczego. Do metod datowania izotopowego zalicza się m.in.: \n*  datowanie radiowęglowe \n*  datowanie uranowo-torowe \n*  datowanie potasowo-argonowe (potas-40 i argon-40) \n*  datowanie rubidowo-strontowe (rubid-87 i stront-87) \n*  datowanie ołowiowe \n*  datowanie renowo-osmowe (ren-187 i osm-187)

label_zh: 放射性定年法

comment_nl: Radiometrische datering is een techniek om de ouderdom van materialen te bepalen. Deze techniek van datering is gebaseerd op radioactief verval van natuurlijke isotopen. Er bestaat een groot aantal verschillende methoden, elk gebruikmakend van een ander isotopensysteem, en elk verschillend in onzekerheidsmarges, kosten en de tijdschaal waarop ze toepasbaar zijn.

label_en: Radiometric dating

abstract_fr: Une datation radiométrique (dite « par radiochronologie ») est une méthode de datation absolue utilisant la variation régulière au cours du temps de la proportion de radioisotopes dans certains corps. La plus connue est sans doute la datation par le carbone 14, mais il en existe bien d'autres. Toutes ne font pas appel aux mêmes raisonnements physiques et géologiques, et leurs précisions varient. Les méthodes de datations radiométriques constituent le cœur de la géologie isotopique.

label_ru: Радиоизотопное датирование

comment_ja: 放射年代測定（ほうしゃねんだいそくてい、英: radiometric dating）とは、原子核崩壊による核種変化、または放射線による損傷を利用して、岩石や化石の年代（形成以降の経過年数）を測定することである。 昔は測定された年代を絶対年代と言っていたこともあったが、現在は放射年代と言う。これは、年代測定の方法や試料の性質により、測定された年代の意味が異なることにより、絶対的な年代ではないことによる。従って、その解釈は慎重に行なう必要がある。

label_fr: Datation radiométrique

comment_de: Radiometrische Datierung ist eine Methode der Altersbestimmung. Sie basiert auf dem Wissen über die Zerfallsraten natürlich vorkommender Isotope, ihres üblichen Vorkommens und der Bestimmung des Isotopenverhältnisses.

comment_zh: 放射测年法是利用测定被测定物中某些放射性元素与其衰变产物的比率，之后应用这种放射性元素半衰期计算年代的方法。

label_pl: Datowanie izotopowe

abstract_en: Radiometric dating or radioactive dating is a technique used to date materials such as rocks or carbon, in which trace radioactive impurities were selectively incorporated when they were formed. The method compares the abundance of a naturally occurring radioactive isotope within the material to the abundance of its decay products, which form at a known constant rate of decay. The use of radiometric dating was first published in 1907 by Bertram Boltwood and is now the principal source of information about the absolute age of rocks and other geological features, including the age of fossilized life forms or the age of the Earth itself, and can also be used to date a wide range of natural and man-made materials. Together with stratigraphic principles, radiometric dating methods are used in geochronology to establish the geological time scale. Among the best-known techniques are radiocarbon dating, potassium-argon dating and uranium-lead dating. By allowing the establishment of geological timescales, it provides a significant source of information about the ages of fossils and the deduced rates of evolutionary change. Radiometric dating is also used to date archaeological materials, including ancient artifacts. Different methods of radiometric dating vary in the timescale over which they are accurate and the materials to which they can be applied.

label_pt: Datação radiométrica

abstract_ru: Радиоизото́пное или радиометри́ческое дати́рование  — метод определения возраста различных объектов, в составе которых есть какой-либо радиоактивный изотоп. Основан на определении того, какая доля этого изотопа успела распасться за время существования образца. По этой величине, зная период полураспада данного изотопа, можно рассчитать возраст образца. Радиоизотопное датирование широко применяется в геологии, палеонтологии, археологии и других науках. Это источник практически всех абсолютных датировок различных событий истории Земли. До появления радиометрического датирования были возможны только относительные датировки — привязка к определённым геологическим эрам, периодам, эпохам и т. д., длительность которых была неизвестна. В различных методах радиоизотопного датирования используются разные изотопы разных элементов. Поскольку они сильно отличаются по химическим свойствам (и, следовательно, по содержанию в различных геологических и биологических материалах и по поведению в геохимических циклах), а также по периоду полураспада, у разных методов отличается область применимости. Каждый метод применим только к определённым материалам и определённому интервалу возрастов. Самые известные методы радиоизотопного датирования — это радиоуглеродный, калий-аргоновый и уран-свинцовый анализ.

label_ar: تأريخ إشعاعي

label_nl: Radiometrische datering

label_it: Datazione radiometrica

abstract_pt: A datação radiométrica é o procedimento do cálculo da idade absoluta de uma rocha e dos minerais que contém certos radioisótopos (isótopos radioativos). Em outras palavras, é o procedimento do calculo da idade absoluta de uma rocha por meio da medição da quantidade de energia emitida pelos elementos radioativos. Este processo de datação baseia-se na tendência que certos átomos de elementos químicos demonstram para emitirem partículas e radiação a partir dos seus núcleos instáveis, esta emissão designa-se por radioactividade. Quando um núcleo radiactivo se desintegra, os produtos formados podem ser instáveis, desintegrando-se posteriormente até encontrar um equilíbrio. A transformação nuclear designa-se decaimento radioactivo. Os núcleos atómicos instáveis, vão ter então tendência a decair, transformando-se em núcleos diferentes mais estáveis. Ao tempo necessário para que metade dos núcleos iniciais de um determinado elemento se transformem noutros mais estáveis chama-se período de semi-transformação e representa-se por um T maiúsculo com 1/2 em índice. Cada elemento tem um tempo de semi-transformação próprio. Para um dado elemento, considerando um dado intervalo de tempo, quanto maior for a quantidade de núcleos iniciais presentes, maior será a quantidade de núcleos que sofreram desintegração radioactiva. N = No * e ^(l*t) em que N é o número de núcleos A no instante t, No é o número de núcleos A iniciais no instante t = 0,l é a constante de decaimento que depende do tipo de núcleo,t é o instante t. Uma das unidades de actividade radioactiva mais usadas é o Curie (Ci) em honra a Marie Curie. 1Ci corresponde a 3.7 * 10 ^10 becquerel (desintegrações por segundo).

label_es: Datación radiométrica

label_de: Radiometrische Datierung

label_ja: 放射年代測定


name_en: Randolph Healy

givenName_en: Randolph

label_en: Randolph Healy

label_ru: Хили, Рэндольф

abstract_en: Randolph Healy (born 1956) is an Irish poet and publisher. Healy was born in Scotland and moved to Dublin at the age of 18 months. After leaving school at the age of 14 to work in a number of jobs, he returned to full-time education and graduated in mathematical sciences from Trinity College, Dublin. He now works as a teacher of mathematics at second level. His poetry is marked by the frequent use of structural devices derived from logic and scientific diction and information. Like many Irish poets, he has written work that touches on issues of the politics of language. He is unique, though, in that he takes sign language and deafness as his points of departure in addressing these matters. His books include 25 Poems (1983),  Rana Rana! (1997).  Arbor Vitae (1997), Flame (1998) and Selected Poems (2000). He runs the publishing house Wild Honey Press.

comment_ru: Рэндольф Хили (англ. Randolph Healy; род. 1956) — ирландский поэт и издатель.

surname_en: Healy

description_en: Irish poet


givenName_en: Roy

label_en: Roy Wright (footballer)

abstract_en: Gordon \"Roy\" Wright (23 February 1929 – 30 July 2002) was an Australian rules football player with the Richmond Football Club in the VFL during the 1940s and 1950s, and television personality during the 1960s. The inspiration of the story of Roy Wright, nicknamed the \"Gentle Giant\", was of a triumph over childhood adversity. As a child, Wright had to wear splints on his legs to overcome weak knees. Later struck down with rheumatic fever, doctors prevented Wright from playing competitive sport until he was sixteen years of age. At this point, in 1945, friends persuaded Wright to try out with local team North Kew in the strong Eastern Districts Football League. Wright had a dream start in the game, winning the league's best and fairest award, an achievement so eye-catching that talent scouts from the VFL were soon looking the youngster over. Richmond won his signature and he arrived at Punt Road for the 1946 VFL season, quite a rise for a man who hadn't played the game twelve months before. Wright cut a noticeable figure, with his huge frame (188 cm and over 100 kg) and golden blond hair. In the post-war era, all VFL clubs were valiantly scouring the country, looking for big men capable of dominating the rucks and giving their team first use of the ball at ball-ups and boundary throw-ins. The boundary throw-in disappeared from the game after a 1925 rule change, but the rule reverted to its original form during the war, therefore increasing the emphasis on ruck play. The Tigers could see Wright's rare ability but, due to his truncated early career, felt he still needed to learn the subtleties of the game. Besides, in Jack Dyer and Bill Morris, Richmond already possessed the best ruck combination in the competition. Dutifully, Wright played in the reserves but missed many games through injury. In his first three seasons, he managed just 26 senior games and frustration manifested. On a number of occasions in the late 1940s, Wright requested an open clearance from the club and on one occasion had gone to Glenferrie Oval to meet the Hawthorn players in anticipation of playing there. Eventually, opportunities opened up. Dyer retired at the end of the 1949 season, a year when Wright managed 15 games, an achievement he matched the following season as he gradually began to make a name for himself. Season 1951 provided the breakthrough point for the young ruckman. Given more time on the ball than Bill Morris, he played every game and tied with Des Rowe for the club's best and fairest. When Bill Morris retired at the end of the year, it paved the way for Wright to assume the mantle of number one ruck. In 1952, Wright dominated the season, winning nineteen votes in the Brownlow medal to tie for first place with Essendon's Bill Hutchison. The prevailing system gave Wright the award, although Hutchison was given a retrospective medal in 1989. Wright experienced a quieter season in 1953 as Richmond slumped to the club's lowest ever finish on the ladder. However, he bounced back the following year to lead a late-season charge for the finals by the Tigers. The bid failed, but the Richmond supporters took plenty of pride from the Brownlow medal count when Wright polled a massive 29 votes to win by a record ten votes. Now hailed as the best big man in the game, Wright stood out among a plethora of star ruckmen who he battled every week, men such as Neil Mann, Dennis Cordner and Jack Howell. Unfortunately for both Wright and the club, the team's fortunes continued to wane. In the years immediately after the war, the Tigers made a habit of finishing just outside the finals. The lack of winning experience combined with a lack of aggressive recruiting lowered expectations around the club, and by the mid-1950s Richmond were regulars at the bottom of the ladder. Wright's form shone like a beacon amid the mediocrity. Between 1952 and 1957, Wright was the first choice as ruckman for the Victorian team; he totalled eighteen games in the Big V. Fellow players, commentators and opposition fans alike admired Wright's fair and sportsmanlike approach to the game. Wright's sheer size and fierce concentration often circumvented potential trouble - few opponents were willing to tangle with the big man. Apart from his exquisite ability to direct his hit-outs straight to teammates, Wright excelled at the contested mark and rarely let down a teammate who sent the ball in the air his way. He could kick long and accurately, once recording a 73-metre punt kick in a game at Punt Road. In every way, Roy Wright was the quintessential \"mark and kick\" (or \"prop and cop\") 1950s footballer. Wright continued winning honours as the team continued to struggle. In 1956, after dominating the ruck for Victoria in the interstate carnival, he was named an All-Australian. His last big year was 1957 when he won a fourth club best and fairest and went within an ace of winning a third Brownlow medal, finishing second to Brian Gleeson by four votes. No other Richmond player has won more than one Brownlow in the yellow and black. After succeeding Des Rowe as captain in 1958, luck deserted Wright. Injury hampered his season and the following year, an injured leg forced him to announce his retirement and deny him an on-field farewell. Aged 30, he was stranded just five games short of the 200-game milestone. Wright maintained his involvement with football by becoming one of the early television commentators on the game. He worked predominantly with the ABC and presented Wright on the Ball for most of the 1960s. Roy and his wife June lived in Carnegie until the mid 1970s when they moved to Rosebud with their children Kerryn and Paul. During the 1980s following his separation from his wife June, Roy permanently moved to his holiday \"shack\" in Paynesville (Victoria) which he had loved and often visited over many years. Despite the obvious distance, Roy was always available to attend Richmond functions and fundraisers, where his autograph was in big demand. The supporters of his era never forgot the \"Gentle Giant.\" In 1996, the AFL inducted Wright into the hall of fame as a founding member. The Richmond Team of the Century, announced in 1998, named Wright as the first ruckman, ahead of his mentor and first coach, Jack Dyer - arguably his greatest accolade.

surname_en: Wright

description_en: Australian rules footballer


abstract_it: La Premyer Liqasi 2011-2012 (chiamata anche Unibank Premyer Liqasi per motivi di sponsorizzazione) è stata la ventesima edizione della massima serie del campionato di calcio azero disputata tra il 6 agosto 2011 e il 12 maggio 2012 e conclusa con la vittoria del Neftçi Baku, al suo settimo titolo. Capocannoniere del torneo fu Bahodir Nasimov (PFC Neftchi Baku) con 16 reti.

abstract_pl: Sezon (2011/2012) jest 20. sezonem Premyer Liqi - najwyższej klasy rozgrywkowej w Azerbejdżanie w piłce nożnej. Liga liczy 12 drużyn. Sezon rozpoczął się 6 sierpnia 2011 roku. W pierwszej rundzie rywalizują wszystkie zespoły w jednej grupie. W drugiej rundzie rywalizacja toczyć się będzie w dwóch grupach - 6 najlepszych drużyn powalczy o mistrzostwo kraju, natomiast pozostałe 6 drużyn powalczy o utrzymanie. 2 ostatnie zespoły spadną do drugiej ligi. Tytułu broni drużyna Neftçi Baku.

label_en: 2011–12 Azerbaijan Premier League

abstract_fr: Premier League 2011-2012 Navigation Saison précédente Saison suivante La saison 2011-2012 du Championnat d'Azerbaïdjan de football est la 20e édition de la première division en Azerbaïdjan. La Top League est organisée en 2 phases. Lors de la première, les 12 équipes s'affrontent au sein d'une poule unique en matchs aller et retour, à domicile et à l'extérieur. Les 6 premiers disputent la poule pour le titre et les 6 derniers la poule de relégation. Dans la seconde phase, chaque équipe conserve dans sa poule les résultats acquis face à ses adversaires directs et affronte deux fois supplémentaires ses adversaires. À la fin de la seconde phase, les deux derniers de la poule de relégation doivent normalement être rétrogradés en deuxième division. Cette décision est annulée par la fédération azérie qui décide de geler le système de promotion-relégation pour la fin de saison. C'est le club du Neftchi Bakou, tenant du titre, qui remporte à nouveau la compétition cette saison après avoir terminé en tête de la poule pour le titre, avec quatre points d'avance sur le FK Khazar Lenkoran et sept sur l'Inter Bakou. C'est le septième titre de champion d'Azerbaïdjan de l'histoire du club.

label_ru: Чемпионат Азербайджана по футболу 2011/2012

label_fr: Championnat d'Azerbaïdjan de football 2011-2012

abstract_de: Die Premyer Liqası 2011/12, nach einem Sponsorenabkommen offiziell Unibank Premyer Liqası genannt, war die zwanzigste Spielzeit der höchsten aserbaidschanischen Spielklasse im Fußball der Männer seit dessen Gründung im Jahr 1992. Die erste Saisonrunde begann am 6. August 2011 und endete am 7. März 2012 mit der Austragung des 22. Spieltags. Sowohl die Spiele um die Meisterschaft als auch die Abstiegsspiele wurden am 11. März mit dem 23. Spieltag eingeleitet. Die letzten Meisterschaftsspiele wurden am 11. Mai ausgetragen, die letzten Abstiegsspiele am 12. Mai. Am 30. April gab der aserbaidschanische Fußballverband bekannt, dass es keine Aufsteiger aus der Birinci Divizionu geben werde. Damit bleiben für die kommende Saison alle Vereine in der Premyer Liqası.

label_pl: Premyer Liqa (2011/2012)

abstract_en: The 2011–12 Azerbaijan Premier League (known as the Unibank Premyer Liqası for sponsorship reasons) was the twentieth season of the Premier League since its establishment in 1992. Neftchi Baku was the defending champions, having won their second Azerbaijani championship the previous season. A total of twelve teams participated in the league, the ten sides remaining of the 2010–11 season, one promoted club from the 2010–11 Azerbaijan First Division and a totally new club instead of defunct First Division champions FC Absheron. The format of the league was same as 2010-11 season. There is only one change in season's regulation as only champion of 2011–12 Azerbaijan First Division was directly promoted, while runners up of first division played play-off game with the team that finished 11th in Azerbaijan Premier League.

comment_ru: XIX Чемпионат Азербайджана по футболу проходил с 6 августа 2011 года по 12 мая 2012 года. Победителем турнира стал бакинский «Нефтчи».

label_it: Premyer Liqası 2011-2012

label_de: Premyer Liqası 2011/12


name_en: The Adoration of the Magi

label_en: Adoration of the Magi (Rubens, Lyon)

abstract_fr: L'Adoration des mages est un tableau de Rubens réalisé vers 1617-1618. Cette huile sur toile est conservée au musée des beaux-arts de Lyon.

label_fr: L'Adoration des mages (Pierre Paul Rubens)

abstract_en: The Adoration of the Magi is a c.1617-18 painting by Peter Paul Rubens. It is now in the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Lyon Since it is horizontal rather than vertical it was probably commissioned for a private collection rather than as an altarpiece. Peter C. Sutton suggested that, as Rubens' treatments of this subject in vertical formats were for known ecclesiastical commissions as altarpieces, the horizontal format, which is shared with Rubens' Adoration painted for the Statenkamer of Antwerp's town hall, c. 1608-09, might suggest that the Lyon painting was also a secular commission. Rubens made a considerable fortune via the painting's reproduction in engravings and tapestries. The painting arranges full-length figures across the canvas, backed by a frieze-like crowd showing a variety of mature male types, twelve in all. The oldest magus kneels and kisses the foot of the Christ Child with a tender gesture, as the Child, standing on a straw-strewn table, where he is presented by the Virgin Mary, touches the magus' bald head in a gesture of benediction. The dim stable is lit by shafts of light.


abstract_pl: Hankou – stacja kolejowa w Wuhanie, w prowincji Hubei, w Chinach. Znajduje się na terenie dawnego miasta Hankou. Stacja posiada 4 perony.

label_zh: 汉口站

name_en: Hankou

label_en: Hankou Railway Station

abstract_fr: La gare de Hankou est une gare ferroviaire chinoise situé à Wuhan. Elle a ouvert en 1991.

comment_en: Hankou Railway Station (simplified Chinese: 汉口站; traditional Chinese: 漢口站; pinyin: Hànkǒu zhàn) is one of the three main railway stations in the city of Wuhan, the capital of the Hubei Province of the People's Republic of China. It is located within the section of the city commonly known as Hankou (i.e., the part of the city north of the Yangtze and Hanshui Rivers), although a fairly long distance (several kilometers) to the north from the historical center of Hankou.

comment_ja: 漢口駅（かんこうえき）は中華人民共和国湖北省武漢市江漢区に位置する中国国鉄武漢鉄路局が管轄する駅である。ここでは、武漢地下鉄の漢口火車駅についても記述する。

label_fr: Gare de Hankou

comment_zh: 汉口站位于中国湖北省武汉市江汉区金家墩，毗邻二环线，是宁蓉铁路、汉丹铁路和汉孝城际等线路的客运枢纽站。其票面车站代码为武B（武汉站为武C、武昌站是武A）。目前主要承担武汉枢纽内东西向始发列车和通过列车的客运业务。大部分沪汉蓉快速通道列车均在此站停靠，也承担部分京广铁路和京广高速铁路列车的始发终到业务。

label_pl: Hankou (stacja kolejowa)

label_ja: 漢口駅


name_en: Spec Sanders

givenName_en: Spec

label_en: Spec Sanders

comment_en: Orban Eugene \"Spec\" Sanders (born January 26, 1919 in Temple, Oklahoma) was a former American football running back, quarterback, and punter in the All-America Football Conference and a defensive back in the National Football League for the New York Yanks. He was a one-time Pro Bowler in 1950, his final season, when he led the NFL in interceptions.

surname_en: Sanders

description_en: American football player


name_en:
Dar Khuni
درخوني

label_en: Dar Khuni

comment_en: Dar Khuni (Persian: درخوني, also Romanized as Dar Khūnī) is a village in Meymand Rural District, in the Central District of Shahr-e Babak County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 30, in 4 families.


label_en: Landforms of Treutlen County, Georgia

prefLabel_en: Landforms of Treutlen County, Georgia


abstract_ar: 25بك المحتوى هنا ينقصه الاستشهاد بمصادر. يرجى إيراد مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (فبراير 2016)25بك هذه مقالة غير مراجعة. ينبغي أن يزال هذا القالب بعد أن يراجعها محرر ما عدا الذي أنشأها؛ إذا لزم الأمر فيجب أن توسم المقالة بقوالب الصيانة المناسبة. (فبراير 2009) بووم بلوكس (بالإنكليزية: Boom Blox) هي لعبة فيديو على جهاز نينتندو وي من إصدار و تطوير إلكترونيك آرتس في لوس أنجلس. تم إطلاق اللعبة في أسواق أمريكا الشمالية في 6 مايو ٢٠٠٨ و في اليابان في ١7 مايو من نفس العام. وقد شارك ستيفن سبيلبرغ في تطوير اللعبة ، مما ساعد في انتشار اللعبة شهرتها ، حيث أنها أول لعبة فيديو يشارك في تطويرها مخرج هوليوود شهير بمثابة سبيلبرغ.

abstract_it: Boom Blox è un videogioco puzzle per la console Wii e dispositivi mobili N-Gage 2.0. Sviluppato da EA Los Angeles in collaborazione con il regista Steven Spielberg. Il gioco è stato pubblicato il 6 maggio 2008, in Nord America e il 9 maggio 2008, in Europa. La versione per N-Gage del gioco è stata pubblicata il 3 dicembre 2008. Questo gioco ha un seguito che si chiama: Boom Blox Bash Party.

label_en: Boom Blox

abstract_fr: Boom Blox est un jeu vidéo développé par EA Los Angeles puis édité par Electronic Arts sur Wii d'après une idée originale de Steven Spielberg. Il est sorti en France en mai 2008. Le jeu présente une série de casses-têtes basés sur des blocs que le joueur peut résoudre en utilisant la Wiimote pour lancer, saisir ou tirer sur les blocs. Boom Blox est doté d'un système physique réaliste car l'angle à partir duquel un projectile est lancé, la vitesse à laquelle il est lancé, le type de blocs avec lequel il entre en contact et sa masse influencent les résultats de l'action. Le jeu a plus de 300 niveaux solo et plus 100 niveaux multi-joueurs. Il existe aussi un mode permettant au joueur de créer ses propres niveaux et de les envoyer à ses amis grâce au WiiConnect24. Une suite est sortie, Boom Blox Smash Party.

comment_en: Boom Blox is a puzzle video game for the Wii console, mobile devices and N-Gage 2.0 developed by EA Los Angeles in conjunction with film director Steven Spielberg. The game was released on May 6, 2008, in North America and on May 9, 2008, in Europe. The N-Gage version of the game was released on December 3, 2008. The game has over 300 single-player levels as well as over 100 cooperative and competitive multiplayer levels. Additionally, there is a mode that allows players to create their own levels and share them with people added to their Friend Code list via WiiConnect24.

label_fr: Boom Blox

abstract_en: Boom Blox is a puzzle video game for the Wii console, mobile devices and N-Gage 2.0 developed by EA Los Angeles in conjunction with film director Steven Spielberg. The game was released on May 6, 2008, in North America and on May 9, 2008, in Europe. The N-Gage version of the game was released on December 3, 2008. The game presents a series of physics-based puzzles, the objective being either to keep structures made of blocks from being knocked down or to knock them over by various means, using the Wii Remote to throw, shoot, and grab at the blocks. Boom Blox features a realistic physics system; the angle at which a projectile is launched and how fast it is thrown as well as the mass of the projectile and the type of blocks it comes into contact with influence the results of an action. The game has over 300 single-player levels as well as over 100 cooperative and competitive multiplayer levels. Additionally, there is a mode that allows players to create their own levels and share them with people added to their Friend Code list via WiiConnect24. A demo was produced for Coca-Cola's Coke Zone promotion, which is a promotion in which consumers in the UK can use codes on Coca-Cola and Diet Coke bottles to collect points. The full game is also available for a certain number of points. A sequel to Boom Blox has been released, titled Boom Blox Bash Party.

label_pt: Boom Blox

label_ar: بووم بلوكس

label_it: Boom Blox

abstract_pt: Boom Blox é um jogo de video game de puzzle lançado para o console Wii e celulares, desenvolvido pela EA Los Angeles em junção do diretor de filme Steven Spielberg. O jogo foi lançado em 6 de maio de 2008 na América do Norte, e em 9 de maio de 2008 na Europa. O objetivo principal do jogo é de destruir estruturas feitas de blocos, utilizando o Wii Remote para jogar, atirar, e pegar blocos. Boom Blox possui um sistema de física realista. O jogo possui mais de 300 níveis no modo de um jogador e mais de 100 no modo cooperativo e multijogadores competitivos. Em adicional, existe um modo onde o jogador pode desenvolver seus próprios níveis e enviar para pessoas adicionados na lista de Friend Codes via o WiiConnect24.


abstract_pl: Iwan Wyszeński, ukr. Іван Вишенський (ur. pomiędzy 1545 a 1550 r., zm. ok. 1620) – rusiński pisarz-polemista. Urodził się w Sudowej Wyszni niedaleko Lwowa. W młodości mieszkał w Łucku. Biograficzne dane o Wyszeńskim są bardzo skąpe. Wiadomo, że był dobrze wykształcony, najprawdopodobniej na dworze książąt Ostrogskich. Został zakonnikiem i wstąpił do klasztoru w Dubnie na Wołyniu. W latach 1576-1580 przebywał w klasztorze na świętej górze Athos w Grecji, który był w tamtym czasie centrum prawosławnego życia zakonnego. W 1598 r. w Knyżce umieścił posłanie do Konstantego Ostrogskiego i prawosławnych w imieniu zakonników ze Świętej Góry. Zbiorek nie został wydrukowany, a utwory W. rozpowszechniano w rękopisach. Wyszeński pozostawał w stałym kontakcie z bractwem lwowskim. Prawdopodobnie w 1604 r. przybył do Lwowa, jednak z powodu różnic poglądowych z przełożonym bractwa szybko opuścił miasto. Udał się do klasztoru w Uniowie, skąd w 1605 r. wysłał list polemiczny wobec poglądów wpływowego członka bractwa lwowskiego Jurija Rohatyncia. W 1606 r. powrócił na górę Athos, gdzie odtąd żył jako pustelnik. Literacką działalność W. rozpoczął równocześnie z ostrogską grupą polemistów. Do dziś zachowało się 16 jego utworów. W l. 90. XVI wieku napisał najwybitniejsze z nich, skierowane przeciwko postanowieniom unii brzeskiej. Najważniejszy zbiór powstał ok. 1600 r. Knyżka zawiera m.in.: \n*  Izwieszczenije kratkoje (Извещение краткое), \n*  Pisanije do wsiech obszcze, w Ladskoj ziemli żywuszczich (Писание до всех обще, в Лядской земли живущих), datowane przed 1596 r., \n*  Obliczenije diawoła-mirodierżca (Обличение диавола-миродержца), \n*  Porada (Порада). \n*  Kratkosłownyj otwiet P. Skarzi (Краткословный ответ П. Скарзи), 1600-1601, \n*  Pozopiszcze myslennoje (Позопище мысленное), 1615-1616. Utwory Wyszyńskiego wyróżniają się spośród literatury polemicznej nie tylko literackim talentem autora, ale i jego wyrazistą pozycją. W swoich posłaniach z góry Athos wskazywał prawosławnych biskupów-zdrajców, potępiał rzymskokatolickie i unickie duchowieństwo, polskich i ruskich panów feudalnych. Wyszeński nie ograniczał się do problemów walki z katolicyzmem i unią. Wychodząc z zasad bizantyjskiej ascezy, ostro krytykował cały ówczesny cerkiewny i świecki ustrój oraz domagał się prostoty starochrześcijańskiego bractwa. Odrzucał także świecką oświatę i starodawne zwyczaje jako pogańskie. W swoich pismach korzystał z form cerkiewnych posłań, dialogu i polemicznego traktatu, stale łącząc gatunki. W swoich utworach malował barwne, często hiperboliczne obrazy moralnego upadku wyższych warstw i duchowieństwa, przeciwstawiając im biednych poddanych i prostych zakonników. Wzruszenie i emocjonalność mieszał z ostrą satyrą i sarkazmem. Nagromadzenie epitetów, porównań, zapytań i wykrzyknień, ironiczne przedstawienie obyczajowych detali, bogactwo językowe, wykorzystanie żywej, narodowej mowy, nadawało jego utworom jaskrawości i efektywności. Stosował styl inspirowany bizantyńską homiletyką. Twórczość Wyszeńskiego wywarła wpływ na rozwój satyry w literaturze ukraińskiej. Znawca jego twórczości, Iwan Franko, napisał w 1895 r. poemat Iwan Wyszenśkyj (Іван Вишенський).

name_en: Ivan Vyshenskyi

givenName_en: Ivan

label_en: Ivan Vyshenskyi

abstract_fr: Ivan Vichenski (ukrainien : Іван Вишенський), né aux environs de 1550 à Soudova Vychnia et mort après 1620 sur le mont Athos en Grèce, est un moine orthodoxe philosophe religieux ukrainien. Il est considéré comme un important polémiste de son époque.

label_ru: Иоанн Вишенский

comment_en: Ivan Vyshenskyi (Ukrainian: Іван Вишенський; born ca. 1550 in Sudova Vyshnia – after 1620, Mount Athos, Greece) was a Ukrainian orthodox monk and religious philosopher. He is considered to be an important polemicist of the time.

label_fr: Ivan Vichenski

comment_de: Iwan Wyschenskyj (ukrainisch Іван Вишенський, wissenschaftliche Transliteration: Ivan Vyšens’kyj, russisch Иван Вишенский; * um 1550 in Sudowa Wyschnja unweit von Lemberg; † nach 1620 auf dem Athos) war ein ruthenischer Mönch und Gelehrter. Er gilt als einer der bedeutendsten Vertreter der orthodoxen polemischen Literatur.

label_pl: Iwan Wyszeński

comment_ru: Иоанн Вишенский (между 1545—1550 — после 1620) — преподобный, западнорусский православный монах, влиятельный духовный писатель, антиуниатский публицист и полемист. Ревнитель православия и «единства многоименитого русского рода». Жил на Афонской горе в Зографском монастыре.

surname_en: Vyshenskyi

description_en: Ukrainian monk and philosopher

label_de: Iwan Wyschenskyj


abstract_es: Gyrodus es un género extinto de pez óseo picnodontiforme que vivió durante el Jurásico y el Cretácico en lo que hoy es Europa y Norteamérica.

abstract_pl: Gyrodus – wymarły rodzaj ryby kostnoszkieletowej z rzędu Pycnodontiformes i rodziny Pycnodontidae. Ryba ta żyła w okresie od środkowej jury do późnej kredy w okolicach obecnej Europy. Największe rozprzestrzenienie i zróżnicowanie taksonomiczne Gyrodus przypada na późną jurę. Jej skamieniałości (dwie niekompletne żuchwy z pięter hoteryw i barrem) po raz pierwszy znaleziono na terenie Niemiec.

name_en: Gyrodus

comment_nl: Gyrodus is een uitgestorven geslacht van beenvissen, dat leefde van het Laat-Jura tot het Vroeg-Krijt.

label_en: Gyrodus

comment_en: Gyrodus is an extinct genus of pycnodontiform ray-finned fish that lived in the Jurassic and Cretaceous.

comment_ja: ギロドゥス (Gyrodus) は、ジュラ紀中期から白亜紀後期にかけて生息していた魚類である。主にヨーロッパから産出する。

label_pl: Gyrodus

label_nl: Gyrodus

label_es: Gyrodus

label_ja: ギロドゥス


label_en: Ambassadors of Togo to Cape Verde

prefLabel_en: Ambassadors of Togo to Cape Verde


abstract_it: La  Meningite tubercolare  è una infiammazione delle meningi, in special modo della base cranica e dei nervi encefalici, dovuta al micobatterio tubercolare. Pur essendo una meningite batterica, è una forma con liquor limpido (di solito le forme a liquor limpido sono invece per la maggior parte virali).

abstract_es: La meningitis tuberculosa es una forma grave de meningitis bacteriana causada por Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Se diferencia de otros tipos de meningitis infecciosa por el curso clínico de evolución más lenta. Los síntomas iniciales son similares a los de otros tipo de meningitis, fundamentalmente fiebre, cefalea, rigidez de nuca y convulsiones. Es una afección grave que puede dejar como secuela déficits neurológicos permanentes.

name_en: Tuberculous meningitis

label_en: Tuberculous meningitis

abstract_fr: Méningite tuberculeuse La méningite tuberculeuse est une infection à Mycobacterium tuberculosis des méninges, les membranes qui enveloppent le système nerveux central. C'est la forme la plus commune de tuberculose du  SNC.

comment_en: Tuberculous meningitis is also known as TB meningitis or tubercular meningitis. Tuberculous meningitis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of the meninges—the system of membranes which envelop the central nervous system.

comment_ja: 結核性髄膜炎（けっかくせいずいまくえん、tuberculous meningitis）は結核によって引き起こされる髄膜炎である。

label_fr: Méningite tuberculeuse

label_pt: Meningite tuberculosa

comment_pt: Meningite tuberculosa (MTB) é uma infecção das membranas que envolvem o sistema nervoso central pelo bacilo Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Ocorrem em 1% dos cerca de 10 milhões de casos sintomáticos de tuberculose do mundo por ano, e é a variedade mais letal de tuberculose, com mortalidade de no mínimo 30% com tratamento óptimo.

label_it: Meningite tubercolare

label_es: Meningitis tuberculosa

label_ja: 結核性髄膜炎


abstract_it: La sesta stagione della serie televisiva Skins è stata trasmessa sul canale televisivo britannico E4 dal 23 gennaio 2012 al 26 marzo 2012. In Italia la stagione viene trasmessa dal 4 settembre 2013 su MTV Italia. Il primo episodio della stagione, rinominato col nome \"Marocco\" è stato reso visibile in anteprima esclusiva il 22 agosto 2013 sul sito on demand del canale.

name_en: Skins Series 6

label_en: Skins (series 6)

comment_en: Skins is a British teen drama created by father-and-son television writers Bryan Elsley and Jamie Brittain for Company Pictures. The sixth series began airing on E4 on 23 January 2012 and ended on 26 March 2012. Like the previous series, it follows the lives of the third generation of characters, which consists of Franky Fitzgerald, Rich Hardbeck, Mini McGuinness, Liv Malone, Alo Creevey, brothers Nick and Matty Levan, and new character Alex Henley.

label_it: Episodi di Skins (sesta stagione)


abstract_pl: Breaking News – piosenka Michaela Jacksona z jego pośmiertnego albumu Michael. 5 listopada 2010 roku, 42 sekundowy fragment piosenki został użyty jako zapowiedź do albumu. 8 listopada 2010 roku na oficjalnej stronie Jacksona pojawiła się pełna wersja utworu, która była odtwarzana tylko przez tydzień. Od początku fani nie byli pewni, czy utwór jest rzeczywiście śpiewany przez artystę. Dnia 16 stycznia 2011 roku na Facebooku jednego z wykonawców upodabniających się do króla popu został opublikowany komunikat, o tym, że śpiewa niektóre piosenki na albumie Michael. Później jednak temu zaprzeczył i ogłosił, że to sprawka hakera, który włamał się na jego konto. Mimo to wiele osób ma wątpliwości co do autentyczności głosu. Rodzina Jacksona oznajmiła jasno mówiąc: \"Piosenki nie śpiewa Michael.\"

name_en: Breaking News

comment_nl: Breaking News is een nummer van de Michael Jackson. Op 5 november 2010 was er een videoteaser van \"Breaking News\" te zien op de officiële website van Michael Jackson. De video begint met verscheidene tv-journalisten die allen rapporteren over \"breaking news\" over Michael Jackson. Daarna is de muzikale introductie te horen van een nieuw nummer. De video stopt voordat de zang begint. De video verwijst naar de roddelbladen en rechtszaken waar Michael mee te maken had in de jaren voor zijn overlijden. In de video zijn er ook enkele beelden te zien van This Is It. Op 8 november 2010 verscheen het nummer slechts 1 week op Michaels website. Ook op YouTube werd het nummer weggehaald.

label_en: Breaking News (Michael Jackson song)

abstract_fr: Breaking News est la \"seconde chanson\" posthume du chanteur américain Michael Jackson et la septième chanson de son premier album posthume, Michael. Cette chanson parle des médias en général et des rumeurs; la chanson débute par un mix des voix de plusieurs journalistes parlant de Michael Jackson, où l'on peut entendre entre autres \"The paparazzi would not leave him alone\" (Les paparazzis ne le laissaient jamais seul). Ce thème des médias est récurrent chez Michael Jackson; il en parle déjà notamment dans Leave Me Alone de Bad, Tabloid Junkie et Scream de HIStory ou encore Privacy de Invincible.

label_ru: Breaking News

label_fr: Breaking News (chanson)

label_pl: Breaking News (utwór)

abstract_en: \"Breaking News\" is a song by American recording artist Michael Jackson. The song was written by Jackson, Eddie Cascio and James Porte, produced by Teddy Riley, Cascio and Jackson, and was included on his posthumous album, Michael. The R&B song talks about the media wanting a piece of the pop star, which drew comparisons to Britney Spears' \"Piece of Me\" (2007). An instrumental snippet \"Breaking News\" was unveiled in a promotional video which features a montage of various TV journalists reporting breaking news about Jackson, and refers to the tabloid stories and legal troubles that plagued Jackson in the years leading up to his death. Since the release of the song on November 8, 2010, it has become controversial with regard to its authenticity. \"Breaking News\" achieved minor success, peaking at number one on Billboard Bubbling Under Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.

label_pt: Breaking News

abstract_ru: «Breaking News» (рус. Экстренные новости) — сингл американского певца Майкла Джексона. Песня была написана Джексоном, Эдди Касцио и Джеймсом Порт, спродюсирована Тедди Райли (Teddy Riley), Касцио и Джексоном, и была включена в альбом «Michael». Альбом «Michael» имел смешаное мнение критиков и фанов и бедные продажи. С апреля 2011 года продажи альбома составили 1.5 миллионов копий. Песня в стиле R&B рассказывает о том, как СМИ и папарацци, буквально, хотят сделать сенсацию на всем. Некоторые сравнивают эту песню с песней Бритни Спирс «Piece of Me» (2007). На песню «Breaking News» сняли видео, которое было создано из монтажа различных вырезок из новостей, где говорились «горячие новости» о Джексоне или же выдумки желтой прессы, которые неоднократно могли довести певца до смерти. «Breaking News» добилась небольшого успеха, достигнув первого места в Billboard Bubbling Under Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.

comment_pt: \"Breaking News\" é uma canção do músico estadunidense Michael Jackson. A canção está incluída no álbum Michael, um álbum póstumo do material que o cantor gravou na sequência de seu décimo álbum de estúdio, Invincible. Um trecho da faixa foi apresentada em um teaser do álbum, e a faixa completa foi divulgada no site oficial de Jackson em 8 de novembro de 2010. \"Breaking News\" não tornou se um single. Segundo a Sony, a faixa foi apenas uma prévia para o novo álbum.

label_nl: Breaking News (Michael Jackson)


label_en: Plagiolophus

comment_en: Plagiolophus is the scientific name of two genera of organisms and may refer to: \n* Plagiolophus (plant), a genus of plants in the Asteraceae family \n* Plagiolophus (animal), a genus of odd-toed ungulates in the Pachynolophidae family __DISAMBIG__


label_en: Barksdale Organization

abstract_en: The Barksdale Organization is a fictional drug dealing gang on the television series The Wire. Many of the characters featured in season one of The Wire belong to this organization. Season one largely deals with the Baltimore Police Department setting up a Major Crimes Unit to investigate the Organization. The Barksdale Organization is led by Avon Barksdale who is portrayed as the most powerful drug kingpin in Baltimore. The gang's criminal activities include heroin and cocaine dealing, homicides (including witnesses in criminal cases against them) and money laundering. Avon Barksdale's power in west Baltimore was established some time before the events of season one. The Barksdale Organization started a turf war for the city's largest public housing project. When they won the war and got the prized Franklin Terrace Towers, they had the best drug territory in the city, and dominated the illicit heroin trade in west Baltimore. The show starts sometime after these events. The Baltimore Police Department as a whole is portrayed as underfunded and incompetent. While the Major Crime Unit is able to arrest a number of people in the Barksdale Organization including Avon, they do not have the resources to put a strong enough case together to permanently cripple the organization. All those arrested plead out and get light sentences (with the exception of Wee-Bey and D'Angelo). Avon's best friend and second in command Stringer Bell runs the organization until Avon is released from prison in season three. Ultimately, a second prolonged investigation by the Major Crimes Unit, a bloody turf war with the emerging Stanfield Organization and internal dissent leads to the Barksdale Organization's collapse in the fall of 2004. With most of the Barksdale Organization in prison or dead, the Stanfield Organization becomes the dominant heroin dealers in west Baltimore.


label_en: List of integrals of area hyperbolic functions


label_en: Sakura (NHK)

comment_ja: 『さくら』は、2002年度上半期のNHK連続テレビ小説（第66作）。 初放送は2002年4月1日 - 9月28日。 連続テレビ小説ではこの作品から、BShi放送用に全編ハイビジョン映像で撮影されるようになり放送枠が追加された。 各放送時間は、 \n* デジタルBShi (HD) 初回放送 月 - 土曜 7:30 - 7:45、 \n* アナログBShi (HD) 初回放送 月 - 土曜 7:30 - 7:45、 \n* デジタルBS2 (SD) 初回放送 月 - 土曜 7:30 - 7:45、 \n* アナログBS2 (SD) 初回放送 月 - 土曜 7:30 - 7:45、 \n* アナログ総合テレビ (SD) 初回放送 月 - 土曜 8:15 - 8:30、 \n* アナログ総合テレビ (SD) 再放送 月 - 土曜 12:45 - 13:00、  \n* デジタルBS2 (SD) 再放送(一週間分) 土曜 9:30 - 11:00、 \n* アナログBS2 (SD) 再放送(一週間分) 土曜 9:30 - 11:00。 また、2007年4月2日 - 9月29日までアンコール放送された（BS2月 - 土曜 7:45 - 8:00、NHKワールド）。

abstract_en: Sakura (さくら) is a Japanese serialized morning television drama that aired on NHK from April 1 to September 28 of 2002. The series totalled 156 episodes. It chronicles the life of Matsushita Sakura, a Sansei (third-generation) Japanese-American living in Hawaii. She moves to a small town in Japan to be an assistant language teacher for Japanese middle-school students. The show, lasting only 15 minutes long, is on every morning except Sunday, every week. Sakura first comes to Japan living with her grandparents; later, she moves because she has to teach English to the Japanese students. There she learns many valuable lessons and makes new friends.

abstract_ja: 『さくら』は、2002年度上半期のNHK連続テレビ小説（第66作）。 初放送は2002年4月1日 - 9月28日。 連続テレビ小説ではこの作品から、BShi放送用に全編ハイビジョン映像で撮影されるようになり放送枠が追加された。 各放送時間は、 \n* デジタルBShi (HD) 初回放送 月 - 土曜 7:30 - 7:45、 \n* アナログBShi (HD) 初回放送 月 - 土曜 7:30 - 7:45、 \n* デジタルBS2 (SD) 初回放送 月 - 土曜 7:30 - 7:45、 \n* アナログBS2 (SD) 初回放送 月 - 土曜 7:30 - 7:45、 \n* アナログ総合テレビ (SD) 初回放送 月 - 土曜 8:15 - 8:30、 \n* アナログ総合テレビ (SD) 再放送 月 - 土曜 12:45 - 13:00、  \n* デジタルBS2 (SD) 再放送(一週間分) 土曜 9:30 - 11:00、 \n* アナログBS2 (SD) 再放送(一週間分) 土曜 9:30 - 11:00。 デジタルBShiとアナログBShiはサイマル放送、デジタルBS2とアナログBS2はサイマル放送。また、現在と違い当初はBShiとBS2の初回放送は同時間帯に放送されていたため、月〜土曜の7:30 - 7:45は4つのチャンネルで、土曜の9:30 - 11:00は2つのチャンネルで同番組が放送されていた。 また、2007年4月2日 - 9月29日までアンコール放送された（BS2月 - 土曜 7:45 - 8:00、NHKワールド）。

label_ja: さくら (2002年のテレビドラマ)


label_en: Massaro Glunder

comment_en: On 15 December 2015, Glunder was ranked the #3 Featherweight in the world by LiverKick.com.


label_en: Puccinellia nuttalliana

label_ru: Puccinellia nuttalliana

abstract_en: Puccinellia nuttalliana is a species of grass known by the common name Nuttall's alkaligrass. It is native to North America, where it is widespread from Alaska east throughout Canada to Greenland, and common in the western and central United States. It is present in the Arctic, throughout the temperate mountain ranges, the Great Plains, the Great Basin, and along the western coastline of North America down through California. Puccinellia nuttalliana is a halophytic grass, found in areas with saline soils. This is a perennial bunchgrass that is variable in form, remaining small and clumpy or producing erect stems up to a meter tall. The inflorescence is made up of a few thin, spreading branches which spread further and sometimes become reflexed as the fruit matures.

comment_ru: Puccinellia nuttalliana — вид цветковых растений рода Бескильница (лат. Puccinellia).

synonym: Puccinellia airoides


label_en: West Coast jazz trumpeters

prefLabel_en: West Coast jazz trumpeters


label_en: Conjugate residual method

comment_en: The conjugate residual method is an iterative numeric method used for solving systems of linear equations. It's a Krylov subspace method very similar to the much more popular conjugate gradient method, with similar construction and convergence properties. This method is used to solve linear equations of the form where A is an invertible and Hermitian matrix, and b is nonzero. Given an (arbitrary) initial estimate of the solution , the method is outlined below: the iteration may be stopped once and (plus the optional incremental calculation of at the end).

abstract_en: The conjugate residual method is an iterative numeric method used for solving systems of linear equations. It's a Krylov subspace method very similar to the much more popular conjugate gradient method, with similar construction and convergence properties. This method is used to solve linear equations of the form where A is an invertible and Hermitian matrix, and b is nonzero. The conjugate residual method differs from the closely related conjugate gradient method primarily in that it involves more numerical operations and requires more storage, but the system matrix is only required to be Hermitian, not symmetric positive definite. Given an (arbitrary) initial estimate of the solution , the method is outlined below: the iteration may be stopped once has been deemed converged. The only difference between this and the conjugate gradient method is the calculation of and (plus the optional incremental calculation of at the end). Note: the above algorithm can be transformed so to make only one symmetric matrix-vector multiplication in each iteration.